3月5日，第十三屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)第二次會(huì)議在北京人民大會(huì)堂開(kāi)幕。國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)作政府工作報(bào)告。[新華社 龐興雷 攝]
Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivers a government work report at the opening meeting of the second session of the 13th National People's Congress at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2019. (Xinhua/Pang Xinglei)
各位代表：
Fellow Deputies,
現(xiàn)在，我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向大會(huì)報(bào)告政府工作，請(qǐng)予審議，并請(qǐng)全國(guó)政協(xié)委員提出意見(jiàn)。
On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government and ask for your deliberation and approval. I also invite comments from members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
一、2018年工作回顧
I. 2018 in Review
過(guò)去一年是全面貫徹黨的十九大精神開(kāi)局之年，是本屆政府依法履職第一年。我國(guó)發(fā)展面臨多年少有的國(guó)內(nèi)外復(fù)雜嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)，經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)新的下行壓力。在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國(guó)各族人民以習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義思想為指導(dǎo)，砥礪奮進(jìn)，攻堅(jiān)克難，完成全年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)，決勝全面建成小康社會(huì)又取得新的重大進(jìn)展。
The year 2018 was the first year for putting the guiding principles of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China fully into effect. It was also this government's first to perform, in accordance with law, the functions of office. In pursuing development this year, China faced a complicated and challenging domestic and international environment of a kind rarely seen in many years, and its economy came under new downward pressure.
Under the firm leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we, the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, forged ahead and overcame difficulties. The year's main targets for economic and social development were accomplished, and in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we made major progress toward a decisive victory.
——經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行保持在合理區(qū)間。國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)6.6%，總量突破90萬(wàn)億元。經(jīng)濟(jì)增速與用電、貨運(yùn)等實(shí)物量指標(biāo)相匹配。居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格上漲2.1%。國(guó)際收支基本平衡。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1361萬(wàn)人、調(diào)查失業(yè)率穩(wěn)定在5%左右的較低水平。近14億人口的發(fā)展中大國(guó)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了比較充分就業(yè)。
The main economic indicators were kept within an appropriate range. Gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 6.6 percent, exceeding 90 trillion yuan. Economic growth matched electricity consumption, freight transport, and other indicators. Consumer prices rose by 2.1 percent. In the balance of payments a basic equilibrium was maintained. A further 13.61 million new urban jobs were added, and the surveyed unemployment rate remained stable at a comparatively low level of around 5 percent. As a big developing country with a population close to 1.4 billion, we have attained relatively full employment.
——經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)不斷優(yōu)化。消費(fèi)拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)作用進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)。服務(wù)業(yè)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)貢獻(xiàn)率接近60%，高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、裝備制造業(yè)增速明顯快于一般工業(yè)，農(nóng)業(yè)再獲豐收。單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降3.1%。質(zhì)量和效益繼續(xù)提升。
Economic structure was further improved. Consumption continued to play an increasing role in driving economic growth. The service sector's contribution to growth approached 60 percent. Growth in high-tech industries and equipment manufacturing outstripped that of other industries. Harvests were again good. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 3.1 percent. The quality and returns of growth continued to improve.
——發(fā)展新動(dòng)能快速成長(zhǎng)。嫦娥四號(hào)等一批重大科技創(chuàng)新成果相繼問(wèn)世。新興產(chǎn)業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)加快轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)。大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新深入推進(jìn)，日均新設(shè)企業(yè)超過(guò)1.8萬(wàn)戶，市場(chǎng)主體總量超過(guò)1億戶。新動(dòng)能正在深刻改變生產(chǎn)生活方式、塑造中國(guó)發(fā)展新優(yōu)勢(shì)。
New growth drivers grew rapidly. A number of major scientific and technological innovations were made, like the Chang'e-4 lunar probe. Emerging industries thrived and traditional industries saw faster transformation and upgrading. Business startups and innovation continued to surge nationwide, with an average of over 18,000 new businesses opening daily and the total number of market entities passing the 100 million mark. New growth drivers are now profoundly changing our mode of production and way of life, creating new strengths for China's development.
——改革開(kāi)放取得新突破。國(guó)務(wù)院及地方政府機(jī)構(gòu)改革順利實(shí)施。重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域改革邁出新的步伐，市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單制度全面實(shí)行，簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)改革力度加大，營(yíng)商環(huán)境國(guó)際排名大幅上升。對(duì)外開(kāi)放全方位擴(kuò)大，共建“一帶一路”取得重要進(jìn)展。首屆中國(guó)國(guó)際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì)成功舉辦，海南自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)啟動(dòng)建設(shè)。貨物進(jìn)出口總額超過(guò)30萬(wàn)億元，實(shí)際使用外資1383億美元、穩(wěn)居發(fā)展中國(guó)家首位。
New breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up. Institutional reforms of both the State Council and local governments were implemented smoothly. New progress was made in reform in key fields. The negative list system for market access was put fully into effect. Reforms to streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services were intensified, and our business environment rose significantly in international rankings. Opening up was expanded on all fronts, and joint efforts to pursue the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) made significant headway. The first China International Import Expo was a success. Work began on building the China (Hainan) Pilot Free Trade Zone. China's total volume of trade in goods exceeded 30 trillion yuan, and its utilized foreign investment totaled US$138.3 billion, ranking China first among developing countries.
——三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)開(kāi)局良好。防范化解重大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，宏觀杠桿率趨于穩(wěn)定，金融運(yùn)行總體平穩(wěn)。精準(zhǔn)脫貧有力推進(jìn)，農(nóng)村貧困人口減少1386萬(wàn)，易地扶貧搬遷280萬(wàn)人。污染防治得到加強(qiáng)，細(xì)顆粒物(PM2.5)濃度繼續(xù)下降，生態(tài)文明建設(shè)成效顯著。
The three critical battles got off to a good start. We forestalled and defused major risks. The macro leverage ratio trended toward a stable level; the financial sector was generally stable. Precision poverty alleviation made significant progress, with the rural poor population reduced by 13.86 million, including 2.8 million people assisted through relocation from inhospitable areas. Pollution prevention and control was strengthened, and PM2.5 concentrations continued to fall. Marked achievements were made in ecological conservation.
——人民生活持續(xù)改善。居民人均可支配收入實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)6.5%。提高個(gè)人所得稅起征點(diǎn)，設(shè)立6項(xiàng)專項(xiàng)附加扣除。加大基本養(yǎng)老、基本醫(yī)療等保障力度，資助各類學(xué)校家庭困難學(xué)生近1億人次。棚戶區(qū)住房改造620多萬(wàn)套，農(nóng)村危房改造190萬(wàn)戶。城鄉(xiāng)居民生活水平又有新提高。
Living standards continued to improve. Per capita disposable personal income grew by 6.5 percent in real terms. The threshold for individual income tax was raised and six special additional deductions were created. Support for basic elderly care and basic health care was strengthened. Close to 100 million payments were made to assist students from families in financial difficulty, covering all school types. More than 6.2 million housing units were rebuilt in rundown urban areas and 1.9 million dilapidated rural houses were renovated. Urban and rural living standards continued to rise.
我們隆重慶祝改革開(kāi)放40周年，深刻總結(jié)改革開(kāi)放的偉大成就和寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)，鄭重宣示在新時(shí)代將改革開(kāi)放進(jìn)行到底的堅(jiān)定決心，激勵(lì)全國(guó)各族人民接續(xù)奮斗，再創(chuàng)新的歷史偉業(yè)。
We solemnly commemorated the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, thoroughly reviewed its great achievements and the valuable experience gained in its pursuit, and pledged our resolve to see reform and opening up through in the new era, thus galvanizing the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to continue their hard work to make new historic achievements.
回顧過(guò)去一年，成績(jī)來(lái)之不易。我們面對(duì)的是深刻變化的外部環(huán)境。經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化遭遇波折，多邊主義受到?jīng)_擊，國(guó)際金融市場(chǎng)震蕩，特別是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦給一些企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)、市場(chǎng)預(yù)期帶來(lái)不利影響。我們面對(duì)的是經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型陣痛凸顯的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。新老矛盾交織，周期性、結(jié)構(gòu)性問(wèn)題疊加，經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)中有變、變中有憂。我們面對(duì)的是兩難多難問(wèn)題增多的復(fù)雜局面。實(shí)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、防風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等多重目標(biāo)，完成經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展等多項(xiàng)任務(wù)，處理好當(dāng)前與長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)等多種關(guān)系，政策抉擇和工作推進(jìn)的難度明顯加大。經(jīng)過(guò)全國(guó)上下共同努力，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展在高基數(shù)上總體平穩(wěn)、穩(wěn)中有進(jìn)，社會(huì)大局保持穩(wěn)定。這再次表明，在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，中國(guó)人民有戰(zhàn)勝任何艱難險(xiǎn)阻的勇氣、智慧和力量，中國(guó)的發(fā)展沒(méi)有過(guò)不去的坎。
Looking back at the past year, we can see that our achievements did not come easily.
What we faced was profound change in our external environment. Setbacks in economic globalization, challenges to multilateralism, shocks in the international financial market, and especially the China-US economic and trade frictions, had an adverse effect on the production and business operations of some companies and on market expectations.
What we faced were severe challenges caused by the growing pains of economic transformation. An interlacing of old and new issues and a combination of cyclical and structural problems brought changes in what was a generally stable economic performance, some of which caused concern.
What we faced was a complicated terrain of increasing dilemmas. We had multiple targets to attain, like ensuring stable growth and preventing risks; multiple tasks to complete, like promoting economic and social development; and multiple relationships to handle, like that between short-term and long-term interests. And the difficulty of making policy choices and moving work forward increased markedly.
With the concerted efforts of the whole country, the Chinese economy, from a larger base, achieved generally stable growth while making further progress; and social stability was ensured. This once again shows that the Chinese people, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, have the courage, vision, and strength to prevail over any difficulty or obstacle. There is no difficulty that cannot be overcome in China's pursuit of development!
一年來(lái)，我們深入貫徹以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央決策部署，堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào)，統(tǒng)籌穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、促改革、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、惠民生、防風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，穩(wěn)妥應(yīng)對(duì)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦，著力穩(wěn)就業(yè)、穩(wěn)金融、穩(wěn)外貿(mào)、穩(wěn)外資、穩(wěn)投資、穩(wěn)預(yù)期，主要做了以下工作。
Over the past year, we fully implemented all major policies and plans made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. We followed the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, and worked holistically to maintain stable growth, advance reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risks. We handled economic and trade frictions with the United States appropriately. We worked to ensure stable employment, a stable financial sector, stable foreign trade, stable foreign investment, stable domestic investment, and stable expectations. Our main work of the past year was as follows.
一是創(chuàng)新和完善宏觀調(diào)控，經(jīng)濟(jì)保持平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。面對(duì)新情況新變化，我們堅(jiān)持不搞“大水漫灌”式強(qiáng)刺激，保持宏觀政策連續(xù)性穩(wěn)定性，在區(qū)間調(diào)控基礎(chǔ)上加強(qiáng)定向、相機(jī)調(diào)控，主動(dòng)預(yù)調(diào)、微調(diào)。堅(jiān)持實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策，著力減稅降費(fèi)、補(bǔ)短板調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。下調(diào)增值稅稅率，擴(kuò)大享受稅收優(yōu)惠小微企業(yè)范圍，出臺(tái)鼓勵(lì)研發(fā)創(chuàng)新等稅收政策。全年為企業(yè)和個(gè)人減稅降費(fèi)約1.3萬(wàn)億元。優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，盤活財(cái)政存量資金，重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域支出得到保障。堅(jiān)持實(shí)施穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，引導(dǎo)金融支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)。針對(duì)融資難融資貴問(wèn)題，先后4次降低存款準(zhǔn)備金率，多措并舉緩解民營(yíng)和小微企業(yè)資金緊張狀況，融資成本上升勢(shì)頭得到初步遏制。及時(shí)應(yīng)對(duì)股市、債市異常波動(dòng)，人民幣匯率基本穩(wěn)定，外匯儲(chǔ)備保持在3萬(wàn)億美元以上。
First, we developed new ways to improve macro regulation and ensured a generally stable economic performance.
Facing new circumstances and developments, we were firm in choosing not to adopt a deluge of strong stimulus policies, and we maintained the continuity and consistency of macro policies. As we conducted regulation to keep main economic indicators within an appropriate range, we also improved targeted and well-timed regulation, and carried out anticipatory adjustments and fine-tuning.
We continued to pursue a proactive fiscal policy, focusing on cutting taxes and fees, strengthening areas of weakness, and promoting structural adjustment. We reduced VAT rates and expanded the coverage of tax relief for small businesses with low profits, and introduced preferential tax policies to encourage R&D and innovation. Over the year, the tax and fee burden on enterprises and individuals was thus reduced by around 1.3 trillion yuan. We improved the composition of budgetary spending, put idle budgetary funds to use, and ensured spending in key areas.
We maintained a prudent monetary policy and encouraged financial support for the real economy. In response to the difficulties and high costs of financing, we reduced required reserve ratios four times, and applied a combination of measures to ease funding shortages faced by private enterprises and small and micro businesses. Initial success was thus made in curbing the rising cost of financing.
We promptly responded to abnormal fluctuations in the stock and bond markets, and kept the RMB exchange rate basically stable. China's foreign exchange reserves were maintained at over US$3 trillion.
二是扎實(shí)打好三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，重點(diǎn)任務(wù)取得積極進(jìn)展。制定并有序?qū)嵤┤蠊?jiān)戰(zhàn)三年行動(dòng)方案。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性去杠桿，穩(wěn)妥處置金融領(lǐng)域風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，防控地方政府債務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，改革完善房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控機(jī)制。深入推進(jìn)精準(zhǔn)脫貧，加強(qiáng)扶貧力量，加大資金投入，強(qiáng)化社會(huì)幫扶，貧困地區(qū)自我發(fā)展能力穩(wěn)步提高。全面開(kāi)展藍(lán)天、碧水、凈土保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)。優(yōu)化能源和運(yùn)輸結(jié)構(gòu)。穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)北方地區(qū)“煤改氣”“煤改電”。全面建立河長(zhǎng)制、湖長(zhǎng)制。化肥農(nóng)藥使用量實(shí)現(xiàn)雙下降。加強(qiáng)生態(tài)環(huán)保督察執(zhí)法。積極應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化。
Second, we took solid action in the three critical battles and made good progress in carrying out key tasks.
We drew up and began the systematic implementation of a three-year action plan for the three critical battles.
We made steady progress in structural deleveraging, handled risks in the financial sector prudently and appropriately, prevented and controlled local government debt risks, and reformed and improved mechanisms for conducting regulation over the real estate market.
We made further progress in precision poverty alleviation. We strengthened poverty relief capacity, increased budgetary input, and encouraged society to assist poverty alleviation. The self-development capacity of poverty-stricken areas was steadily enhanced.
We launched an all-out fight to keep our skies blue, our waters clear, and our land pollution-free. Energy and transportation structures were upgraded. The replacement of coal with natural gas and electricity in North China was steadily advanced. The system of river chiefs and lake chiefs was established across the country. The use of both chemical fertilizers and pesticides was reduced. Inspections and law enforcement for environmental protection were strengthened. And we took active steps to respond to climate change.
三是深化供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)活力不斷釋放。加大“破、立、降”力度。推進(jìn)鋼鐵、煤炭行業(yè)市場(chǎng)化去產(chǎn)能。實(shí)施穩(wěn)投資舉措，制造業(yè)投資、民間投資增速明顯回升。出臺(tái)促進(jìn)居民消費(fèi)政策。全面推進(jìn)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”，運(yùn)用新技術(shù)新模式改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)。深入推進(jìn)簡(jiǎn)政減稅減費(fèi)。取消一批行政許可事項(xiàng)，“證照分離”改革在全國(guó)推開(kāi)，企業(yè)開(kāi)辦時(shí)間大幅壓縮，工業(yè)生產(chǎn)許可證種類壓減三分之一以上。“雙隨機(jī)、一公開(kāi)”監(jiān)管全面實(shí)施。清理規(guī)范各類涉企收費(fèi)，推動(dòng)降低用能、用網(wǎng)和物流等成本。深化“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+政務(wù)服務(wù)”，各地探索推廣一批有特色的改革舉措，企業(yè)和群眾辦事便利度不斷提高。
Third, we deepened supply-side structural reform and steadily unleashed the dynamism of the real economy.
We strengthened work to cut ineffective supply, foster new growth drivers, and reduce costs in the real economy.
We made progress in using market mechanisms to cut capacity in the steel and coal industries.
Measures were implemented to ensure stable investment; as a result, investment in manufacturing and private investment rebounded markedly. Policies were adopted to stimulate consumer spending. Internet Plus initiatives were advanced across the board, and new technologies and models were used to transform traditional industries.
We deepened efforts to streamline government functions and cut taxes and fees. A number of government permits were abolished, the reform separating permits from the business license was implemented nationwide, the time needed to start a business was considerably shortened, and the types of industrial production permits were cut by over a third. Oversight conducted through the random selection of both inspectors and inspection targets and the prompt release of results was implemented nationwide.
We overhauled the charges and fees levied on businesses, and encouraged cuts in the cost of energy, broadband services, and logistics. We advanced the Internet Plus Government Services initiative, the local authorities explored and extended a number of distinctive reform measures, and both businesses and the public now enjoy increasingly better access to government services.
四是深入實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，創(chuàng)新能力和效率進(jìn)一步提升。大力優(yōu)化創(chuàng)新生態(tài)，調(diào)動(dòng)各類創(chuàng)新主體積極性。深化科技管理體制改革，推進(jìn)關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)攻關(guān)，加強(qiáng)重大科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、科技創(chuàng)新中心等建設(shè)。強(qiáng)化企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新主體地位，將提高研發(fā)費(fèi)用加計(jì)扣除比例政策擴(kuò)大至所有企業(yè)。制定支持雙創(chuàng)深入發(fā)展的政策措施。技術(shù)合同成交額增長(zhǎng)30%以上?？萍歼M(jìn)步貢獻(xiàn)率提高到58.5%。
Fourth, we continued to implement the innovation-driven development strategy and further increased innovation capacity and performance.
We greatly improved the innovation ecosystem to keep innovators of all kinds fully motivated. The reform of the management system for science and technology was deepened, steps were taken to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies for key fields, and the building of major science and technology infrastructure and innovation centers was stepped up.
We strengthened the principal position of enterprises in technological innovation, and extended the policy on raising the proportion of additional tax-deductible R&D costs to cover all enterprises.
We developed policies and measures to support innovation and business startups. The volume of contracted technology transactions grew by over 30 percent. The contribution of technological advances to economic growth has risen to 58.5 percent.
五是加大改革開(kāi)放力度，發(fā)展動(dòng)力繼續(xù)增強(qiáng)。深化國(guó)資國(guó)企改革，國(guó)有企業(yè)優(yōu)化重組、提質(zhì)增效取得新進(jìn)展。針對(duì)民營(yíng)企業(yè)發(fā)展遇到的困難和問(wèn)題，千方百計(jì)幫助解憂紓困。推進(jìn)財(cái)稅體制改革，預(yù)算績(jī)效管理改革全面啟動(dòng)。改革金融監(jiān)管體制，完善利率、匯率市場(chǎng)化形成機(jī)制。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村、社會(huì)事業(yè)、生態(tài)環(huán)保等領(lǐng)域改革不斷深化。推出對(duì)外開(kāi)放一系列重大舉措。共建“一帶一路”引領(lǐng)效應(yīng)持續(xù)釋放，同沿線國(guó)家的合作機(jī)制不斷健全，經(jīng)貿(mào)合作和人文交流加快推進(jìn)。出臺(tái)穩(wěn)外貿(mào)政策，貨物通關(guān)時(shí)間壓縮一半以上。下調(diào)部分商品進(jìn)口關(guān)稅，關(guān)稅總水平由9.8%降至7.5%。新設(shè)一批跨境電商綜合試驗(yàn)區(qū)。復(fù)制推廣自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)改革經(jīng)驗(yàn)。大幅壓縮外資準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單，擴(kuò)大金融、汽車等行業(yè)開(kāi)放，一批重大外資項(xiàng)目落地，新設(shè)外資企業(yè)增長(zhǎng)近70%。
Fifth, we intensified reform and opening up and continued to strengthen the momentum of development.
We deepened reforms of state capital and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and made new gains in upgrading and restructuring SOEs and in improving their quality and performance. In addressing difficulties and issues encountered by private enterprises, we used every feasible means to help them overcome problems and concerns.
We advanced the reform of the fiscal and tax systems, and launched performance-based budget management reform across the country. We reformed the financial regulatory system and improved the mechanisms through which interest rates and exchange rates are set by the market. Steady progress was made in reforms related to agriculture, rural affairs, social programs, and environmental protection.
In opening up, we introduced a series of major moves. Joint efforts to pursue the Belt and Road Initiative are producing a pace-setting effect, cooperation mechanisms for countries along its routes are steadily improving, and economic cooperation, trade, and cultural and people-to-people exchanges under the Initiative have gathered momentum.
We launched policies to ensure steady growth in foreign trade, and cut the time needed for customs clearance by more than half. Import tariffs on some goods were lowered, and the overall tariff level was reduced from 9.8 to 7.5 percent.
A number of new integrated pilot zones for cross-border e-commerce were established. Reform measures proven to work in pilot free trade zones were replicated and applied elsewhere. We shortened significantly the negative list for foreign investment, opened up sectors like finance and automobiles wider to foreign competition, and sped up the implementation of a number of major foreign investment projects. The number of new foreign enterprises grew by nearly 70 percent.
六是統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展，良性互動(dòng)格局加快形成。鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略有力實(shí)施，糧食總產(chǎn)量保持在1.3萬(wàn)億斤以上。新型城鎮(zhèn)化扎實(shí)推進(jìn)，近1400萬(wàn)農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口在城鎮(zhèn)落戶。推進(jìn)西部開(kāi)發(fā)、東北振興、中部崛起、東部率先發(fā)展，出臺(tái)一批改革創(chuàng)新舉措。京津冀協(xié)同發(fā)展取得明顯進(jìn)展，長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶生態(tài)優(yōu)先、綠色發(fā)展格局不斷鞏固?；浉郯拇鬄硡^(qū)規(guī)劃建設(shè)邁出實(shí)質(zhì)性步伐，港珠澳大橋建成通車。加大對(duì)革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)、貧困地區(qū)改革發(fā)展支持力度。新增高速鐵路運(yùn)營(yíng)里程4100公里，新建改建高速公路6000多公里、農(nóng)村公路30多萬(wàn)公里。城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性持續(xù)增強(qiáng)。
Sixth, we pursued balanced development across rural and urban areas and regions and sped up the formation of a pattern of positive interplay.
The rural revitalization strategy was implemented with vigor; grain output was kept above 650 million metric tons. Solid progress was made in the pursuit of new urbanization, and close to 14 million people originally from rural areas gained permanent urban residency.
A full range of reforms and innovative measures were introduced to advance development in the western region, revitalize the northeast, energize the central region, and support the eastern region in spearheading development.
Major progress was made in boosting the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Along the Yangtze Economic Belt, efforts to prioritize ecological conservation and boost green development were strengthened.
Substantive steps were taken in the planning and building of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was opened to traffic.
We expanded support for reforms and development in old revolutionary base areas, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas.
Another 4,100 kilometers of high-speed railways opened to traffic, and over 6,000 kilometers of expressways and more than 300,000 kilometers of rural roads were built or improved.
With all this, the balance in development between rural and urban areas and between regions has continuously improved.
七是堅(jiān)持在發(fā)展中保障和改善民生，改革發(fā)展成果更多更公平惠及人民群眾。針對(duì)外部環(huán)境變化給就業(yè)帶來(lái)的影響，及時(shí)出臺(tái)穩(wěn)就業(yè)舉措。大力推動(dòng)義務(wù)教育教師工資待遇政策落實(shí)，加強(qiáng)鄉(xiāng)村小規(guī)模學(xué)校和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)寄宿制學(xué)校建設(shè)，促進(jìn)高等教育內(nèi)涵式發(fā)展。建立企業(yè)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)基金中央調(diào)劑制度，提高退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金，城鄉(xiāng)居民基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從每月70元提高到88元。繼續(xù)提高優(yōu)撫、低保等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，殘疾人“兩項(xiàng)補(bǔ)貼”惠及所有符合條件人員。加強(qiáng)退役軍人服務(wù)管理工作，維護(hù)退役軍人合法權(quán)益。深化醫(yī)療、醫(yī)保、醫(yī)藥聯(lián)動(dòng)改革。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)分級(jí)診療。提高居民基本醫(yī)保補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和大病保險(xiǎn)報(bào)銷比例。加快新藥審評(píng)審批改革，17種抗癌藥大幅降價(jià)并納入國(guó)家醫(yī)保目錄。加快推進(jìn)文化惠民工程，持續(xù)加強(qiáng)基層公共文化服務(wù)。全民健身蓬勃開(kāi)展，體育健兒在國(guó)際大賽上再創(chuàng)佳績(jī)。
Seventh, we continued to ensure and improve living standards in the course of pursuing development and enabled the people to share more fully and fairly in the benefits of reform and development.
We took prompt steps to ease the impact of changes in the external environment on employment.
We made strong moves to ensure the implementation of policies on pay packages of teachers in compulsory education, stepped up the development of small rural schools and boarding schools in towns and townships, and fostered development of substance in higher education.
We established a system for the central government to allocate nationwide enterprise employees' basic aged-care insurance funds, raised retirees' basic pensions, and increased the minimum basic aged-care pension benefits for rural and non-working urban residents from 70 to 88 yuan per person per month.
We continued to increase benefits for entitled groups and subsistence allowances, and ensured that all people with disabilities who are eligible can access living allowances and nursing care subsidies.
For demobilized military personnel, we improved service provision and management and protected their lawful rights and interests.
Coordinated medical service, medical insurance, and pharmaceutical reforms continued. We made steady progress in developing the tiered diagnosis and treatment model. We raised the level of government subsidies for rural and non-working urban residents' basic medical insurance and the reimbursement rate of their serious illness insurance.
The reform for evaluation and approval of new medicines was stepped up; the prices of 17 cancer drugs were slashed and these drugs were included in the national medical insurance catalog.
We sped up the implementation of cultural projects designed to benefit the people, and continued to strengthen public cultural services at the community level. Fitness-for-All activities flourished. Chinese athletes excelled themselves in international competitions.
八是推進(jìn)法治政府建設(shè)和治理創(chuàng)新，保持社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定。提請(qǐng)全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)審議法律議案18件，制定修訂行政法規(guī)37部。改革調(diào)整政府機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置和職能配置。深入開(kāi)展國(guó)務(wù)院大督查，推動(dòng)改革發(fā)展政策和部署落實(shí)。發(fā)揮審計(jì)監(jiān)督作用。改革完善城鄉(xiāng)基層治理。創(chuàng)新信訪工作方式。改革和加強(qiáng)應(yīng)急管理，及時(shí)有效應(yīng)對(duì)重大自然災(zāi)害，生產(chǎn)安全事故總量和重特大事故數(shù)量繼續(xù)下降。加強(qiáng)食品藥品安全監(jiān)管，嚴(yán)厲查處長(zhǎng)春長(zhǎng)生公司等問(wèn)題疫苗案件。健全國(guó)家安全體系。強(qiáng)化社會(huì)治安綜合治理，開(kāi)展掃黑除惡專項(xiàng)斗爭(zhēng)，依法打擊各類違法犯罪，平安中國(guó)建設(shè)取得新進(jìn)展。
Eighth, we made progress in building a rule of law government and pursuing innovation in governance and ensured social harmony and stability.
We submitted 18 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for deliberation, and formulated or revised 37 sets of administrative regulations. We reformed and adjusted the composition and responsibilities of government bodies. The State Council conducted major accountability inspections to ensure the implementation of reform and development policies and plans. We made full use the role of auditing in oversight.
We reformed and improved urban and rural governance at the primary level. New approaches were adopted to address public complaints. We reformed and strengthened emergency management, responded swiftly and effectively to major natural disasters, and achieved a continued reduction in both the total number of workplace accidents and the number of serious and major accidents.
We strengthened oversight over food and drug safety and investigated and took stern action in defective vaccines cases like that involving Changchun Changsheng.
We improved the national security system. We strengthened comprehensive measures to maintain law and order, launched a campaign to combat organized crime and root out local mafia, and cracked down on crime and other legal violations in accordance with law. Further headway was made in carrying out the Peaceful China initiative.
認(rèn)真貫徹黨中央全面從嚴(yán)治黨戰(zhàn)略部署，加強(qiáng)黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)。推進(jìn)“兩學(xué)一做”學(xué)習(xí)教育常態(tài)化制度化。嚴(yán)格落實(shí)中央八項(xiàng)規(guī)定及其實(shí)施細(xì)則精神，堅(jiān)定不移糾正“四風(fēng)”。嚴(yán)肅查處各類違法違規(guī)行為，懲處腐敗分子，反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)取得壓倒性勝利。
We fully implemented the Party Central Committee's strategic decision on enforcing full and strict discipline over the Party, and intensified efforts to improve Party conduct and build a clean government. We moved to ensure that all Party members, on a regular and institutionalized basis, work to gain a good command of the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and General Secretary Xi Jinping's policy addresses and to meet Party standards.
We acted in strict accordance with the central Party leadership's eight-point decision on conduct and the rules for its implementation. We took stern action against formalities performed for formalities' sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance. Activities of various types in violation of laws or regulations were severely punished or prosecuted. Steps were taken to bring the corrupt to justice, and the fight against corruption was a resounding success.
過(guò)去一年，中國(guó)特色大國(guó)外交取得新成就。成功舉辦博鰲亞洲論壇年會(huì)、上合組織青島峰會(huì)、中非合作論壇北京峰會(huì)等重大主場(chǎng)外交活動(dòng)。習(xí)近平主席等國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人出訪多國(guó)，出席亞太經(jīng)合組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會(huì)議、二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)、金磚國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)晤、亞歐首腦會(huì)議、東亞合作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人系列會(huì)議等重大活動(dòng)。同主要大國(guó)關(guān)系總體穩(wěn)定，同周邊國(guó)家關(guān)系全面發(fā)展，同發(fā)展中國(guó)家團(tuán)結(jié)合作紐帶更加牢固。推動(dòng)構(gòu)建新型國(guó)際關(guān)系，推動(dòng)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體。堅(jiān)定維護(hù)國(guó)家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益。經(jīng)濟(jì)外交、人文交流成果豐碩。中國(guó)致力于促進(jìn)世界和平與發(fā)展，作出了世人共睹的重要貢獻(xiàn)。
Over the past year, we attained new achievements in pursuing diplomacy with our own characteristics as a major country. We successfully hosted major diplomatic events such as the Boao Forum for Asia annual conference, the Qingdao Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation. President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders visited many countries and attended major international events, including the APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the G20 Leaders Summit, the BRICS Leaders Meeting, the Asia-Europe Meeting, and the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation.
China's relations with other major countries remained generally stable, our relations with neighboring countries saw all-round growth, and our bond of unity and cooperation with other developing countries grew stronger.
We promoted the development of a new type of international relations and a human community with a shared future, and resolutely protected China's sovereignty, security, and development interests. Our pursuit of economic diplomacy and cultural and people-to-people exchanges yielded rich fruit. China endeavored to promote world peace and development and made important contributions recognized around the world.
各位代表!
Fellow Deputies,
過(guò)去一年取得的成績(jī)，是以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，是習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義思想科學(xué)指引的結(jié)果，是全黨全軍全國(guó)各族人民團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗的結(jié)果。我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向全國(guó)各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠(chéng)摯感謝!向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺(tái)灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠(chéng)摯感謝!向關(guān)心和支持中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國(guó)政府、國(guó)際組織和各國(guó)朋友，表示誠(chéng)摯感謝!
We owe our achievements of the past year to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and to the concerted efforts of the Party, the military, and the people of all ethnic groups in China. On behalf of the State Council, I express sincere thanks to the people of all our ethnic groups, and to all other political parties, people's organizations, and public figures from all sectors of society. I express sincere appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas. I also express our sincere gratitude to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in its endeavor to achieve modernization.
思危方能居安。在充分肯定成績(jī)的同時(shí)，要清醒看到我國(guó)發(fā)展面臨的問(wèn)題和挑戰(zhàn)。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩，保護(hù)主義、單邊主義加劇，國(guó)際大宗商品價(jià)格大幅波動(dòng)，不穩(wěn)定不確定因素明顯增加，外部輸入性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)上升。國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大，消費(fèi)增速減慢，有效投資增長(zhǎng)乏力。實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)困難較多，民營(yíng)和小微企業(yè)融資難融資貴問(wèn)題尚未有效緩解，營(yíng)商環(huán)境與市場(chǎng)主體期待還有較大差距。自主創(chuàng)新能力不強(qiáng)，關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)短板問(wèn)題凸顯。一些地方財(cái)政收支矛盾較大。金融等領(lǐng)域風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患依然不少。深度貧困地區(qū)脫貧攻堅(jiān)困難較多。生態(tài)保護(hù)和污染防治任務(wù)仍然繁重。在教育、醫(yī)療、養(yǎng)老、住房、食品藥品安全、收入分配等方面，群眾還有不少不滿意的地方。去年還發(fā)生了多起公共安全事件和重大生產(chǎn)安全事故，教訓(xùn)極其深刻。政府工作存在不足，一些改革發(fā)展舉措落實(shí)不到位，形式主義、官僚主義仍然突出，督查檢查考核過(guò)多過(guò)頻、重留痕輕實(shí)績(jī)，加重基層負(fù)擔(dān)。少數(shù)干部懶政怠政。一些領(lǐng)域腐敗問(wèn)題仍然多發(fā)。我們一定要直面問(wèn)題和挑戰(zhàn)，勇于擔(dān)當(dāng)，恪盡職守，竭盡全力做好工作，決不辜負(fù)人民期待!
Only alertness to danger will ensure safety. While fully recognizing our achievements, we must also be clear about the problems and challenges our country faces in its development.
Growth in the global economy is slowing, protectionism and unilateralism are mounting, and there are drastic fluctuations in the prices of commodities on the international market. Instability and uncertainty are visibly increasing, and externally-generated risks are on the rise.
Downward pressure on the Chinese economy continues to increase, growth in consumption is slowing, and growth in effective investment lacks momentum. The real economy faces many difficulties. The difficulties that private firms and small and micro businesses face in accessing affordable financing have not yet been effectively solved. The business environment still falls far short of market entities' expectations.
Our capacity for innovation is not strong, and our weakness in terms of core technologies for key fields remains a salient problem. Budgetary deficits in some localities are quite large. There are still many risks and hidden dangers in the financial and other sectors. In deeply impoverished areas, we still face many difficulties in the fight against poverty. Ecological conservation and pollution prevention and control continue to be a weighty task.
There is still public dissatisfaction in many areas, such as education, healthcare, elderly care, housing, food and drug safety, and income distribution. Last year saw the occurrence of a number of public safety incidents and major workplace accidents. The lessons these incidents left us with should never be forgotten.
There is room for improvement in the work of government. Some measures and policies for reform and development have not been fully implemented. We still have a serious problem with pointless formalities and bureaucratism. Excessive and over-frequent inspections and evaluations and a focus on the superficial to the neglect of the substantive have increased the burden on officials working at the primary level. A small number of government employees lack drive. Instances of corruption still occur frequently in some sectors.
We must face the problems and challenges squarely, shoulder our responsibility, fully perform our duties, and do all we can to truly live up to people's expectations.
二、2019年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展總體要求和政策取向
II. Economic and Social Development in 2019: Overall Requirements and Policy Directions
今年是新中國(guó)成立70周年，是全面建成小康社會(huì)、實(shí)現(xiàn)第一個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵之年。做好政府工作，要在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，以習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義思想為指導(dǎo)，全面貫徹黨的十九大和十九屆二中、三中全會(huì)精神，統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)“五位一體”總體布局，協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)“四個(gè)全面”戰(zhàn)略布局，堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào)，堅(jiān)持新發(fā)展理念，堅(jiān)持推動(dòng)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，堅(jiān)持以供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革為主線，堅(jiān)持深化市場(chǎng)化改革、擴(kuò)大高水平開(kāi)放，加快建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化經(jīng)濟(jì)體系，繼續(xù)打好三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，著力激發(fā)微觀主體活力，創(chuàng)新和完善宏觀調(diào)控，統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、促改革、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、惠民生、防風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、保穩(wěn)定工作，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行在合理區(qū)間，進(jìn)一步穩(wěn)就業(yè)、穩(wěn)金融、穩(wěn)外貿(mào)、穩(wěn)外資、穩(wěn)投資、穩(wěn)預(yù)期，提振市場(chǎng)信心，增強(qiáng)人民群眾獲得感、幸福感、安全感，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展和社會(huì)大局穩(wěn)定，為全面建成小康社會(huì)收官打下決定性基礎(chǔ)，以優(yōu)異成績(jī)慶祝中華人民共和國(guó)成立70周年。
This year is the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. It will be a crucial year for us as we endeavor to achieve the first Centenary Goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. To fulfill the work of government, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we must:
● follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era;
● implement fully the guiding principles of the Party's 19th National Congress and the second and third plenary sessions of its 19th Central Committee;
● pursue coordinated progress in the five-sphere integrated plan;
● pursue balanced progress in the four-pronged comprehensive strategy;
● adhere to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability;
● continue to apply the new development philosophy;
● continue to work for high-quality development;
● continue to pursue supply-side structural reform as our main task;
● continue to deepen market-orientated reforms and expand high-standard opening up;
● work faster to modernize the economy;
● continue the three critical battles;
● invigorate micro entities;
● explore innovations in and improve macro regulation;
● make coordinated efforts to maintain stable growth, advance reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, guard against risks, and ensure stability;
● keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range;
● take further steps to ensure stable employment, a stable financial sector, stable foreign trade, stable foreign investment, stable domestic investment, and stable expectations;
● boost market confidence;
● enable people to feel more satisfied, happy, and secure; and
● sustain healthy economic development and maintain social stability.
By doing the above, we will create the pivotal underpinning for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society and celebrate with outstanding accomplishments the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic.
綜合分析國(guó)內(nèi)外形勢(shì)，今年我國(guó)發(fā)展面臨的環(huán)境更復(fù)雜更嚴(yán)峻，可以預(yù)料和難以預(yù)料的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)更多更大，要做好打硬仗的充分準(zhǔn)備。困難不容低估，信心不可動(dòng)搖，干勁不能松懈。我國(guó)發(fā)展仍處于重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，擁有足夠的韌性、巨大的潛力和不斷迸發(fā)的創(chuàng)新活力，人民群眾追求美好生活的愿望十分強(qiáng)烈。我們有戰(zhàn)勝各種困難挑戰(zhàn)的堅(jiān)定意志和能力，經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期向好趨勢(shì)沒(méi)有也不會(huì)改變。
A full analysis of developments in and outside China shows that in pursuing development this year, we will face a graver and more complicated environment as well as risks and challenges, foreseeable and otherwise, that are greater in number and size. We must be fully prepared for a tough struggle. The difficulties we face must not be underestimated, our confidence must not be weakened, and the energy we bring to our work must not be allowed to wane.
China is still in an important period of strategic opportunity for development and has ample resilience, enormous potential, and great creativity to unleash. The longing of our people for a better life is strong. We have the unshakable will and the ability needed to prevail over difficulties and challenges of any kind, and our economic fundamentals are sound and will remain sound over the long term.
今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)6%-6.5%;城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1100萬(wàn)人以上，城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率5.5%左右，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率4.5%以內(nèi);居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅3%左右;國(guó)際收支基本平衡，進(jìn)出口穩(wěn)中提質(zhì);宏觀杠桿率基本穩(wěn)定，金融財(cái)政風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有效防控;農(nóng)村貧困人口減少1000萬(wàn)以上，居民收入增長(zhǎng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)基本同步;生態(tài)環(huán)境進(jìn)一步改善，單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降3%左右，主要污染物排放量繼續(xù)下降。上述主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)，體現(xiàn)了推動(dòng)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展要求，符合我國(guó)發(fā)展實(shí)際，與全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)相銜接，是積極穩(wěn)妥的。實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)，需要付出艱苦努力。
With the above in mind, the main projected targets for economic and social development this year are set as follows:
■ GDP growth of 6–6.5 percent
■ Over 11 million new urban jobs, a surveyed urban unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, and a registered urban unemployment rate within 4.5 percent
■ CPI increase of around 3 percent
■ A basic equilibrium in the balance of payments, and stable, better-structured imports and exports
■ A macro leverage ratio that is basically stable, and effective prevention and control of financial and fiscal risks
■ A reduction of over 10 million in the rural poor population
■ Personal income growth that is basically in step with economic growth
■ A further improvement in the environment
■ A drop of around 3 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP
■ Continued reductions in the discharge of major pollutants
The above projected targets are ambitious but realistic—they represent our aim of promoting high-quality development, are in keeping with the current realities of China's development, and are aligned with the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. But to realize these goals we need to redouble our efforts.
要正確把握宏觀政策取向，繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，實(shí)施就業(yè)優(yōu)先政策，加強(qiáng)政策協(xié)調(diào)配合，確保經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行在合理區(qū)間，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。
We will ensure that the right direction is set for the pursuit of our macro policies. We will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, implement an employment-first policy, and strengthen the coordination between these policies to keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range and sustain healthy economic and social development.
積極的財(cái)政政策要加力提效。今年赤字率擬按2.8%安排，比去年預(yù)算高0.2個(gè)百分點(diǎn);財(cái)政赤字2.76萬(wàn)億元，其中中央財(cái)政赤字1.83萬(wàn)億元，地方財(cái)政赤字9300億元。適度提高赤字率，綜合考慮了財(cái)政收支、專項(xiàng)債券發(fā)行等因素，也考慮為應(yīng)對(duì)今后可能出現(xiàn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)留出政策空間。今年財(cái)政支出超過(guò)23萬(wàn)億元，增長(zhǎng)6.5%。中央對(duì)地方均衡性轉(zhuǎn)移支付增長(zhǎng)10.9%。改革完善縣級(jí)基本財(cái)力保障機(jī)制，緩解困難地區(qū)財(cái)政運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)壓力，決不讓基本民生保障出問(wèn)題。
We will pursue a proactive fiscal policy with greater intensity and enhance its performance. Deficit-to-GDP ratio this year is projected at 2.8 percent, a 0.2-percentage-point increase over that of last year. The budgetary deficit is projected at 2.76 trillion yuan, with a central government deficit of 1.83 trillion yuan and a local government deficit of 0.93 trillion yuan. In moderately increasing the deficit-to-GDP ratio, we have given full consideration to factors such as government revenue and expenditure and the issuance of special bonds; we have also taken into account the need to leave policy space to address risks that could arise in the future.
Government expenditure is budgeted at over 23 trillion yuan, a 6.5 percent increase. The central government's transfer payments to local governments for equalizing access to basic public services will increase by 10.9 percent. We will reform and improve the mechanism for ensuring basic fiscal capacity at the county level, ease the pressure of budgetary constraints faced by some localities, and make certain that people's basic living needs are met.
穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策要松緊適度。廣義貨幣M2和社會(huì)融資規(guī)模增速要與國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值名義增速相匹配，以更好滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行保持在合理區(qū)間的需要。在實(shí)際執(zhí)行中，既要把好貨幣供給總閘門，不搞“大水漫灌”，又要靈活運(yùn)用多種貨幣政策工具，疏通貨幣政策傳導(dǎo)渠道，保持流動(dòng)性合理充裕，有效緩解實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)特別是民營(yíng)和小微企業(yè)融資難融資貴問(wèn)題，防范化解金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。深化利率市場(chǎng)化改革，降低實(shí)際利率水平。完善匯率形成機(jī)制，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩(wěn)定。
Our prudent monetary policy will be eased or tightened to the right degree. Increases in M2 money supply and aggregate financing should be in keeping with nominal GDP growth to keep major indicators within an appropriate range.
In implementation, we will ensure the valve on aggregate monetary supply is well controlled and refrain from using a deluge of stimulus policies; but will also use flexibly a variety of monetary policy instruments to improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, maintain reasonably sufficient liquidity, effectively mitigate difficulties faced in the real economy, especially by private enterprises and small and micro businesses, in accessing affordable financing, and forestall and defuse financial risks.
We will deepen reforms to strengthen the market's role in setting interest rates and lower real interest rates. We will improve the exchange rate mechanism and keep the RMB exchange rate generally stable and at an adaptive and balanced level.
就業(yè)優(yōu)先政策要全面發(fā)力。就業(yè)是民生之本、財(cái)富之源。今年首次將就業(yè)優(yōu)先政策置于宏觀政策層面，旨在強(qiáng)化各方面重視就業(yè)、支持就業(yè)的導(dǎo)向。當(dāng)前和今后一個(gè)時(shí)期，我國(guó)就業(yè)總量壓力不減、結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾凸顯，新的影響因素還在增加，必須把就業(yè)擺在更加突出位置。穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)首要是為保就業(yè)。今年城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)要在實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)期目標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)上，力爭(zhēng)達(dá)到近幾年的實(shí)際規(guī)模，既保障城鎮(zhèn)勞動(dòng)力就業(yè)，也為農(nóng)業(yè)富余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)留出空間。只要就業(yè)穩(wěn)、收入增，我們就更有底氣。
An employment-first policy will be pursued with full force. Employment is the cornerstone of wellbeing, and the wellspring of wealth. This year, for the first time, we are elevating the employment-first policy to the status of a macro policy. This is to increase society-wide attention to employment and support for it. Both in the immediate future and for some time to come, the pressure on aggregate job creation will continue unabated, the related structural issues will become more pronounced, and new factors that affect employment will continue to grow. All this means we must give greater priority to increasing employment.
Maintaining stable growth, first and foremost, is to ensure employment. This year, on top of the urban job creation target, we will work to reach the actual employment figures of the past few years so as to ensure employment for the urban workforce while creating nonagricultural employment opportunities for the surplus rural workforce. With stable employment and increasing incomes, we can continue to be fully confident.
要繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持以供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革為主線，在“鞏固、增強(qiáng)、提升、暢通”八個(gè)字上下功夫。更多采取改革的辦法，更多運(yùn)用市場(chǎng)化、法治化手段，鞏固“三去一降一補(bǔ)”成果，增強(qiáng)微觀主體活力，提升產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈水平，暢通國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)循環(huán)，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。
We will continue to pursue supply-side structural reform as our main task, focusing on consolidating, strengthening, upgrading, and ensuring unimpeded flows: we will use more reforms and means in accordance with market principles and law to consolidate the gains made in the five priority tasks; to strengthen the dynamism of micro entities; to upgrade industrial chains; and to ensure unimpeded flows in the economy, thus moving toward high-quality development.
要繼續(xù)打好三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，精準(zhǔn)發(fā)力、務(wù)求實(shí)效。防范化解重大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要強(qiáng)化底線思維，堅(jiān)持結(jié)構(gòu)性去杠桿，防范金融市場(chǎng)異常波動(dòng)，穩(wěn)妥處理地方政府債務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，防控輸入性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。精準(zhǔn)脫貧要堅(jiān)持現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，聚焦深度貧困地區(qū)和特殊貧困群體，加大攻堅(jiān)力度，提高脫貧質(zhì)量。污染防治要聚焦打贏藍(lán)天保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)等重點(diǎn)任務(wù)，統(tǒng)籌兼顧、標(biāo)本兼治，使生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量持續(xù)改善。
We will continue the three critical battles and adopt precise measures to deliver solid outcomes.
To forestall and defuse major risks, we should be clear about potential dangers, continue structural deleveraging, forestall abnormal financial market fluctuations, deal prudently with local government debt risk, and guard against and control externally-generated risks.
We will intensify precision poverty alleviation efforts in accordance with current standards, with the focus on deeply impoverished areas and the most vulnerable groups to deliver solid outcomes.
In addressing pollution, we will focus on major priorities such as the fight to keep our skies blue, take a holistic approach, address both symptoms and root causes, and make continuous improvements to the environment.
做好今年政府工作，要注重把握好以下關(guān)系。一要統(tǒng)籌好國(guó)內(nèi)與國(guó)際的關(guān)系，凝心聚力辦好自己的事。我國(guó)仍處于并將長(zhǎng)期處于社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段，仍是世界最大發(fā)展中國(guó)家。發(fā)展是解決我國(guó)一切問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)和關(guān)鍵，必須牢牢扭住經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)這個(gè)中心，毫不動(dòng)搖堅(jiān)持發(fā)展是硬道理、發(fā)展應(yīng)該是科學(xué)發(fā)展和高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略思想，不斷解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力。在國(guó)際形勢(shì)復(fù)雜多變的背景下，我們要保持戰(zhàn)略定力，按確定的目標(biāo)和部署推進(jìn)工作，更好利用國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)兩個(gè)市場(chǎng)兩種資源，敢于應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，善于化危為機(jī)，牢牢把握發(fā)展主動(dòng)權(quán)。二要平衡好穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)與防風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的關(guān)系，確保經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。長(zhǎng)期積累的諸多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患必須加以化解，但要遵循規(guī)律，講究方式方法，按照?qǐng)?jiān)定、可控、有序、適度要求，在發(fā)展中逐步化解，堅(jiān)決避免發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性、區(qū)域性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大情況下，出臺(tái)政策和工作舉措要有利于穩(wěn)預(yù)期、穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，防控風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要把握好節(jié)奏和力度，防止緊縮效應(yīng)疊加放大，決不能讓經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行滑出合理區(qū)間。同時(shí)，也不能只顧眼前，采取損害長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展的短期強(qiáng)刺激政策，產(chǎn)生新的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患。三要處理好政府與市場(chǎng)的關(guān)系，依靠改革開(kāi)放激發(fā)市場(chǎng)主體活力。只要市場(chǎng)主體有活力，就能增強(qiáng)內(nèi)生發(fā)展動(dòng)力、頂住經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力。要大力推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放，加快建立統(tǒng)一開(kāi)放、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有序的現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)體系，放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入，加強(qiáng)公正監(jiān)管，打造法治化、國(guó)際化、便利化的營(yíng)商環(huán)境，讓各類市場(chǎng)主體更加活躍。從根本上說(shuō)，市場(chǎng)活力和社會(huì)創(chuàng)造力源于億萬(wàn)人民積極性的發(fā)揮。要堅(jiān)持以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想，盡力而為、量力而行，切實(shí)保障基本民生，推動(dòng)解決重點(diǎn)民生問(wèn)題，促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義，讓人民過(guò)上好日子。中國(guó)人民勤勞智慧，具有無(wú)限的創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)造潛能，只要充分釋放出來(lái)，中國(guó)的發(fā)展就一定會(huì)有更為廣闊空間。
For the government to deliver this year, we need to get the following relationships right.
First, we need to handle in a holistic way the relationship between domestic and international issues, and focus on running our own affairs well. China is still and will long remain in the primary stage of socialism; and it continues to be the world's largest developing country. Development is the foundation of and key to solving all our country's problems. We must pursue with dedication the central task of economic development, never falter in our commitment to the strategic thinking that development is of paramount importance and that it should be sound and of a high quality, and continue to unleash and develop productive forces.
Against the backdrop of a complex and fast-changing international environment, we must maintain strategic focus and carry out work in accordance with the goals and plans already set. We should make better use of both international and domestic markets and resources, face challenges squarely, turn risks into opportunities, and remain firm in our commitment to pursuing development.
Second, we need to achieve the right balance in the relationship between maintaining stable growth and guarding against risks, to ensure sustained, healthy economic development. The many risks and potential problems that have built up over the years demand stronger mitigating action, but in doing so we need to observe objective laws and take the right approach. Our approach must be firm, controllable, and systematic, and it should be applied with the right degree of intensity. We need to defuse risks step by step in the course of pursuing development and decisively forestall any systemic or regional risks.
Against the backdrop of mounting downward pressure on the economy, the policies and measures we adopt should ensure stable expectations, stable growth, and structural adjustments. In working to forestall and control risks, we need to get the pace and intensity right. We should see that the effects of tightening are not amplified, and we must never allow economic indicators to slide out of the appropriate range.
At the same time, we must not attend only to immediate concerns or adopt short-term strong stimulus policies that will end up undermining long-term development and generating new risks.
Third, we need to balance the relationship between government and market, and energize market entities through reform and opening up. As long as market entities are energized, we can boost the internal forces driving development and withstand the downward pressure on the economy. We must work hard to advance reform and opening up, speed up the establishment of a unified and open, competitive and orderly modern market system, relax restrictions on market access, ensure impartial regulation, and create a business environment based on rule of law that is internationalized and enabling, in order to energize market entities.
Ultimately, market vitality and social creativity stem from the initiative of hundreds of millions of people being put into action. We must stay true to the vision of people-centered development and do everything within our capacity to meet people's basic needs, resolve key problems affecting living standards, promote social fairness and justice, and help our people achieve better lives.
The Chinese are an industrious and talented people and possess boundless potential for innovation and creativity. All we need to do is unleash that potential and the space for China's development going forward will doubtless be vast.
三、2019年政府工作任務(wù)
III. Tasks for 2019
今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展任務(wù)重、挑戰(zhàn)多、要求高。我們要突出重點(diǎn)、把握關(guān)鍵，扎實(shí)做好各項(xiàng)工作。
This year, in pursuing economic and social development, we will face weighty tasks, many challenges, and high demands. We must have clear priorities and address crucial issues to deliver a solid performance across the board.
(一)繼續(xù)創(chuàng)新和完善宏觀調(diào)控，確保經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行在合理區(qū)間。堅(jiān)持以市場(chǎng)化改革的思路和辦法破解發(fā)展難題，發(fā)揮好宏觀政策逆周期調(diào)節(jié)作用，豐富和靈活運(yùn)用財(cái)政、貨幣、就業(yè)政策工具，增強(qiáng)調(diào)控前瞻性、針對(duì)性和有效性，為經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行創(chuàng)造條件。
1. We will continue to develop new and improved approaches to macro regulation and keep the main economic indicators within an appropriate range.
We will keep using market-oriented reform thinking and approaches to resolve problems in development; make good use of countercyclical macro policy regulation; add to and use flexibly financial, monetary, and employment policy instruments; make regulation more forward-looking, targeted, and effective; and create the conditions for ensuring a stable economic performance.
實(shí)施更大規(guī)模的減稅。普惠性減稅與結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅并舉，重點(diǎn)降低制造業(yè)和小微企業(yè)稅收負(fù)擔(dān)。深化增值稅改革，將制造業(yè)等行業(yè)現(xiàn)行16%的稅率降至13%，將交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)、建筑業(yè)等行業(yè)現(xiàn)行10%的稅率降至9%，確保主要行業(yè)稅負(fù)明顯降低;保持6%一檔的稅率不變，但通過(guò)采取對(duì)生產(chǎn)、生活性服務(wù)業(yè)增加稅收抵扣等配套措施，確保所有行業(yè)稅負(fù)只減不增，繼續(xù)向推進(jìn)稅率三檔并兩檔、稅制簡(jiǎn)化方向邁進(jìn)。抓好年初出臺(tái)的小微企業(yè)普惠性減稅政策落實(shí)。這次減稅，著眼“放水養(yǎng)魚(yú)”、增強(qiáng)發(fā)展后勁并考慮財(cái)政可持續(xù)，是減輕企業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)、激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力的重大舉措，是完善稅制、優(yōu)化收入分配格局的重要改革，是宏觀政策支持穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、保就業(yè)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的重大抉擇。
We will implement larger-scale tax cuts.
We will introduce both general-benefit and structural tax cuts, focusing primarily on reducing tax burdens in manufacturing and on small and micro businesses.
VAT reform will be deepened: we will reduce the current rate of 16 percent in manufacturing and other industries to 13 percent, and lower the rate in the transportation, construction, and other industries from 10 to 9 percent, thus ensuring that tax burdens in our main industries are meaningfully reduced; keep the lowest bracket rate unchanged at 6 percent, while adopting supporting measures, like increased tax deductions for producer and consumer services, to see that in all industries tax burdens only go down, not up; and continue making progress toward cutting the number of VAT brackets from three to two and simplifying the VAT system. We will ensure that the general-benefit tax cut policies issued at the start of the year for small and micro businesses are put into effect. Our moves to cut tax on this occasion aim at an accommodative effect to strengthen the basis for sustained growth while also considering the need to ensure fiscal sustainability; are a major measure to lighten the burden on businesses and boost market dynamism; are an important reform to improve the tax system and achieve better income distribution; and are the result of a major decision taken at the macro policy level in support of the efforts to ensure stable economic growth, employment, and structural adjustments.
明顯降低企業(yè)社保繳費(fèi)負(fù)擔(dān)。下調(diào)城鎮(zhèn)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)單位繳費(fèi)比例，各地可降至16%。穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)行征繳方式，各地在征收體制改革過(guò)程中不得采取增加小微企業(yè)實(shí)際繳費(fèi)負(fù)擔(dān)的做法，不得自行對(duì)歷史欠費(fèi)進(jìn)行集中清繳。繼續(xù)執(zhí)行階段性降低失業(yè)和工傷保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率政策。今年務(wù)必使企業(yè)特別是小微企業(yè)社保繳費(fèi)負(fù)擔(dān)有實(shí)質(zhì)性下降。加快推進(jìn)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)省級(jí)統(tǒng)籌改革，繼續(xù)提高企業(yè)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)基金中央調(diào)劑比例、劃轉(zhuǎn)部分國(guó)有資本充實(shí)社?；稹Ｎ覀兗纫獪p輕企業(yè)繳費(fèi)負(fù)擔(dān)，又要保障職工社保待遇不受影響、養(yǎng)老金合理增長(zhǎng)并按時(shí)足額發(fā)放，使社保基金可持續(xù)、企業(yè)與職工同受益。
We will significantly reduce enterprise contributions to social insurance schemes.
We will lower the share borne by employers for urban workers' basic aged-care insurance, and localities may cut contributions down to 16 percent. The social insurance premium collection methods currently in operation will be kept unchanged. No locality should take any measure that increases the burden on small and micro enterprises when reforming their collection systems, or require, on their own, that longstanding arrears be paid off in a lump sum. The current policy of reducing premiums for unemployment insurance and work injury compensation insurance will continue. This year, premium payments, particularly for small and micro businesses, must be substantively reduced.
We will speed up reforms in the provincial-level management of aged-care insurance funds, continue to increase the proportion of enterprise workers' basic pension funds under central government allocation, and replenish social security funds through the injection of state capital. We must reduce burdens on enterprises, but also ensure that employees' social security benefits are not affected and aged-care pensions increase as appropriate and are paid on time and in full, so that social security funds are sustainable and both enterprises and employees benefit.
確保減稅降費(fèi)落實(shí)到位。減稅降費(fèi)直擊當(dāng)前市場(chǎng)主體的痛點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，是既公平又有效率的政策。全年減輕企業(yè)稅收和社保繳費(fèi)負(fù)擔(dān)近2萬(wàn)億元。這會(huì)給各級(jí)財(cái)政帶來(lái)很大壓力。為支持企業(yè)減負(fù)，各級(jí)政府要過(guò)緊日子，想方設(shè)法籌集資金。中央財(cái)政要開(kāi)源節(jié)流，增加特定國(guó)有金融機(jī)構(gòu)和央企上繳利潤(rùn)，一般性支出壓減5%以上、“三公”經(jīng)費(fèi)再壓減3%左右，長(zhǎng)期沉淀資金一律收回。地方政府也要主動(dòng)挖潛，大力優(yōu)化支出結(jié)構(gòu)，多渠道盤活各類資金和資產(chǎn)。我們要切實(shí)讓市場(chǎng)主體特別是小微企業(yè)有明顯減稅降費(fèi)感受，堅(jiān)決兌現(xiàn)對(duì)企業(yè)和社會(huì)的承諾，困難再多也一定要把這件大事辦成辦好。
We will ensure tax and fee cuts are fully implemented.
Tax cuts and fee reductions get right to the spot in tackling the pains and difficulties currently troubling market entities; as a policy option, they are both fair and efficient. This year, we will reduce the tax burdens on and social insurance contributions of enterprises by nearly 2 trillion yuan. This will create big pressure on government budgets at all levels. To support this lightening of the burden on enterprises, governments at all levels must tighten their belts and find workable means of raising funds.
The central government needs to increase revenue and reduce expenditures. Profits turned in by designated state-owned financial institutions and enterprises directly under the central government should be increased; general expenditures should be cut by over 5 percent, spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality should be cut by another 3 percent, and all funds that have long stayed unused will be taken back.
Local governments also need to dig deep, take big steps to improve the mix of spending, and put various funds and assets to good use through multiple avenues.
We will let market entities, especially small and micro businesses, feel the weight of their burden being meaningfully lightened, honoring our promise to enterprises and society, and seeing that no matter the number of difficulties, this important job gets done and gets done well.
著力緩解企業(yè)融資難融資貴問(wèn)題。改革完善貨幣信貸投放機(jī)制，適時(shí)運(yùn)用存款準(zhǔn)備金率、利率等數(shù)量和價(jià)格手段，引導(dǎo)金融機(jī)構(gòu)擴(kuò)大信貸投放、降低貸款成本，精準(zhǔn)有效支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)，不能讓資金空轉(zhuǎn)或脫實(shí)向虛。加大對(duì)中小銀行定向降準(zhǔn)力度，釋放的資金全部用于民營(yíng)和小微企業(yè)貸款。支持大型商業(yè)銀行多渠道補(bǔ)充資本，增強(qiáng)信貸投放能力，鼓勵(lì)增加制造業(yè)中長(zhǎng)期貸款和信用貸款。今年國(guó)有大型商業(yè)銀行小微企業(yè)貸款要增長(zhǎng)30%以上。清理規(guī)范銀行及中介服務(wù)收費(fèi)。完善金融機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)部考核機(jī)制，激勵(lì)加強(qiáng)普惠金融服務(wù)，切實(shí)使中小微企業(yè)融資緊張狀況有明顯改善，綜合融資成本必須有明顯降低。
We will work hard to alleviate the difficulties faced by enterprises in accessing affordable financing.
We will reform and refine monetary and credit supply mechanisms, and employ as needed a combination of quantitative and pricing approaches, like required reserve ratios and interest rates, to guide financial institutions in increasing credit supply and bringing down the cost of borrowing, ensure targeted and efficient support for the real economy, and avoid funds circulating within the financial sector without entering the real economy or being diverted out of the real economy.
More targeted cuts will be made to required reserve ratios for medium and small banks; the additional funds thus released will be lent to private enterprises and small and micro businesses.
We will support large commercial banks in replenishing capital through multiple channels, strengthen their capacity to supply credit, and encourage them to increase medium- and long-term loans and credit loans to the manufacturing sector. This year, loans to be granted to small and micro businesses by large state-owned commercial banks will increase by over 30 percent.
Fees charged for banking and intermediary services will be overhauled. We will improve the internal assessment mechanisms of financial institutions, encourage more inclusive financial services, achieve a marked improvement in providing financing for medium, small, and micro enterprises, and see that there are definite reductions in overall financing costs.
有效發(fā)揮地方政府債券作用。今年擬安排地方政府專項(xiàng)債券2.15萬(wàn)億元，比去年增加8000億元，為重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目建設(shè)提供資金支持，也為更好防范化解地方政府債務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)創(chuàng)造條件。合理擴(kuò)大專項(xiàng)債券使用范圍。繼續(xù)發(fā)行一定數(shù)量的地方政府置換債券，減輕地方利息負(fù)擔(dān)。鼓勵(lì)采取市場(chǎng)化方式，妥善解決融資平臺(tái)到期債務(wù)問(wèn)題，不能搞“半拉子”工程。
We will make effective use of local government bonds.
This year, 2.15 trillion yuan of special local government bonds will be issued, an 800 billion yuan increase on last year. This is designed to both provide funding for key projects and create conditions for better forestalling and defusing local governments' debt risks.
The scope of use for special local government bonds will be moderately expanded. We will continue the issuance of some local government bonds to replace outstanding debts in order to reduce the interest payment burdens of local governments. We will encourage the adoption of market approaches to solve the issue of maturing debts on financing platforms and make sure that projects financed by such debts are not stopped half way.
多管齊下穩(wěn)定和擴(kuò)大就業(yè)。扎實(shí)做好高校畢業(yè)生、退役軍人、農(nóng)民工等重點(diǎn)群體就業(yè)工作，加強(qiáng)對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)各類就業(yè)困難人員的就業(yè)幫扶。對(duì)招用農(nóng)村貧困人口、城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)半年以上人員的各類企業(yè)，三年內(nèi)給予定額稅費(fèi)減免。加強(qiáng)對(duì)靈活就業(yè)、新就業(yè)形態(tài)的支持。堅(jiān)決防止和糾正就業(yè)中的性別和身份歧視。實(shí)施職業(yè)技能提升行動(dòng)，從失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)基金結(jié)余中拿出1000億元，用于1500萬(wàn)人次以上的職工技能提升和轉(zhuǎn)崗轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)培訓(xùn)。健全技術(shù)工人職業(yè)發(fā)展機(jī)制和政策。加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育，既有利于緩解當(dāng)前就業(yè)壓力，也是解決高技能人才短缺的戰(zhàn)略之舉。改革完善高職院?？荚囌猩k法，鼓勵(lì)更多應(yīng)屆高中畢業(yè)生和退役軍人、下崗職工、農(nóng)民工等報(bào)考，今年大規(guī)模擴(kuò)招100萬(wàn)人。擴(kuò)大高職院校獎(jiǎng)助學(xué)金覆蓋面、提高補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，加快學(xué)歷證書(shū)和職業(yè)技能等級(jí)證書(shū)互通銜接。改革高職院校辦學(xué)體制，加強(qiáng)師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，提高辦學(xué)質(zhì)量。引導(dǎo)一批普通本科高校轉(zhuǎn)為應(yīng)用型大學(xué)。中央財(cái)政大幅增加對(duì)高職院校的投入，地方財(cái)政也要加強(qiáng)支持。設(shè)立中等職業(yè)教育國(guó)家獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。支持企業(yè)和社會(huì)力量興辦職業(yè)教育，加快產(chǎn)教融合實(shí)訓(xùn)基地建設(shè)。我們要以現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育的大改革大發(fā)展，加快培養(yǎng)國(guó)家發(fā)展急需的各類技術(shù)技能人才，讓更多青年憑借一技之長(zhǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)人生價(jià)值，讓三百六十行人才薈萃、繁星璀璨。
We will use multiple channels to achieve stable and expanding employment.
We will work to ensure employment for key groups such as college graduates, demobilized military personnel, and rural migrant workers; and we should give greater employment support for urban jobseekers facing difficulties in securing employment. Enterprises hiring staff from rural poor people or urban residents registered as unemployed for at least six months will be entitled to a fixed amount of tax and fee deductions for three years.
We will strengthen support for flexible employment and new forms of employment.
We will resolutely protect against and stop gender and identity discrimination in employment.
We will implement a vocational skills training initiative, and allocate 100 billion yuan from the surplus in unemployment insurance funds to provide training for over 15 million people upgrading their skills or switching jobs or industries. We will put in place better mechanisms and policies for the career development of skilled workers.
Stepping up the development of modern vocational education is a strategic move that will not only ease current employment pressure, but also help to address the shortage of highly-skilled personnel. We will reform and improve the ways that vocational colleges conduct examinations and enrollment, encourage more high school graduates, demobilized military personnel, laid-off workers, and rural migrant workers to apply, and this year achieve a large-scale expansion of one million in student enrollments.
We will expand the coverage of scholarships and grants for vocational college students and raise the level of financial assistance, and speed up work to align vocational technical grade certificates with academic credentials. We will reform the operating mechanisms of vocational colleges, strengthen work on building the teaching workforce, and raise the quality of vocational education. We will encourage a number of regular undergraduate institutions to transform themselves into applied colleges.
The central government will greatly increase fiscal support for vocational colleges, and local governments should also strengthen their support. A state scholarship for secondary vocational education will be established. We will support enterprises and private actors in providing vocational education, and speed up work to build instruction centers that integrate technical training and academic education. Through major reforms and the development of modern vocational education, we will move faster to train the different types of technicians and skilled workers urgently needed in China's development, enabling more young people to gain professional skills and realize their potential and producing a vast range of talent ready to shine bright.
(二)激發(fā)市場(chǎng)主體活力，著力優(yōu)化營(yíng)商環(huán)境。我國(guó)有上億市場(chǎng)主體，而且還在不斷增加。把市場(chǎng)主體的活躍度保持住、提上去，是促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)的關(guān)鍵所在。要深化“放管服”改革，降低制度性交易成本，下硬功夫打造好發(fā)展軟環(huán)境。
2. We will work to energize market entities and improve the business environment.
There are hundreds of millions of market entities in China, and the number continues to grow. The key to promoting stable economic growth lies in maintaining and increasing their level of activity. We must push forward with reforms that delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services, bring down government-imposed transaction costs, and make every effort to create an enabling environment for development.
以簡(jiǎn)審批優(yōu)服務(wù)便利投資興業(yè)。市場(chǎng)配置資源是最有效率的形式。要進(jìn)一步縮減市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單，推動(dòng)“非禁即入”普遍落實(shí)。政府要堅(jiān)決把不該管的事項(xiàng)交給市場(chǎng)，最大限度減少對(duì)資源的直接配置，審批事項(xiàng)應(yīng)減盡減，確需審批的要簡(jiǎn)化流程和環(huán)節(jié)，讓企業(yè)多用時(shí)間跑市場(chǎng)、少費(fèi)功夫跑審批。今年，要對(duì)所有涉企經(jīng)營(yíng)許可事項(xiàng)實(shí)行“證照分離”改革，使企業(yè)更便捷拿到營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照并盡快正常運(yùn)營(yíng)，堅(jiān)決克服“準(zhǔn)入不準(zhǔn)營(yíng)”的現(xiàn)象;在全國(guó)推開(kāi)工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目審批制度改革，使全流程審批時(shí)間大幅縮短。繼續(xù)壓縮專利審查和商標(biāo)注冊(cè)時(shí)間。推行網(wǎng)上審批和服務(wù)，抓緊建成全國(guó)一體化在線政務(wù)服務(wù)平臺(tái)，加快實(shí)現(xiàn)一網(wǎng)通辦、異地可辦，使更多事項(xiàng)不見(jiàn)面辦理，確需到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)辦的要“一窗受理、限時(shí)辦結(jié)”“最多跑一次”。持續(xù)開(kāi)展“減證便民”改革行動(dòng)，不能讓繁瑣證明來(lái)回折騰企業(yè)和群眾。建立政務(wù)服務(wù)“好差評(píng)”制度，服務(wù)績(jī)效由企業(yè)和群眾來(lái)評(píng)判。政府部門做好服務(wù)是本分，服務(wù)不好是失職。
We will cut government approvals and improve services to create a favorable environment for investment and business startups.
Market allocation is the most efficient form of resource allocation. We will further shorten the negative list on market entry and promote across-the-board implementation of the policy of "entry unless on the list." The government must act with resolve to hand matters it shouldn't manage over to the market, and make maximum reductions to its direct allocation of resources. Every requirement for government approval that should be canceled will be canceled. When approval is required, the procedures and steps involved will be simplified. This will leave companies to spend more time doing business and less time chasing approvals.
This year, all operating permits required of businesses will be separated from the business license to make it quicker and easier for companies to get a license and start operating as soon as possible; and we will put an end to the phenomenon of "letting firms in but not letting them do business." Reform of the system for construction project approval will be introduced nationwide, and the time of approval needed at every stage of a project will be significantly shortened. We will continue to cut the time it takes to have a patent approved and a trademark registered.
We will encourage online approvals and services, and work faster to build a national online platform for government services, enabling access via one website and remote processing, so that more matters can be handled without the need to be physically present. For matters that do require presence in person, they should be processed at a single window, within a specified time, and without the need for a second visit. We will continue to pursue the Cut Certification to Create Convenience reform initiative, and see that businesses and the public are not saddled with running from pillar to post for certificates.
We will establish a government service evaluation system, and let businesses and the public judge if our service is up to scratch. Delivering good services is what a government is meant to do; failure to do so means failing in its duties.
以公正監(jiān)管促進(jìn)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的核心，公正監(jiān)管是公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的保障。改革完善公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)審查和公正監(jiān)管制度，加快清理妨礙統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)和公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的各種規(guī)定和做法。政簡(jiǎn)易從。規(guī)則越簡(jiǎn)約透明，監(jiān)管越有力有效。國(guó)家層面重在制定統(tǒng)一的監(jiān)管規(guī)則和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，地方政府要把主要力量放在公正監(jiān)管上。推進(jìn)“雙隨機(jī)、一公開(kāi)”跨部門聯(lián)合監(jiān)管，推行信用監(jiān)管和“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+監(jiān)管”改革，優(yōu)化環(huán)保、消防、稅務(wù)、市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管等執(zhí)法方式，對(duì)違法者依法嚴(yán)懲、對(duì)守法者無(wú)事不擾。深化綜合行政執(zhí)法改革，清理規(guī)范行政處罰事項(xiàng)，堅(jiān)決治理多頭檢查、重復(fù)檢查。對(duì)監(jiān)管者也要強(qiáng)監(jiān)管、立規(guī)矩，決不允許搞選擇性執(zhí)法、任性執(zhí)法，決不允許刁難企業(yè)和群眾。依法打擊制售假冒偽劣商品等違法行為，讓嚴(yán)重違法者付出付不起的代價(jià)。完善失信聯(lián)合懲戒機(jī)制，促進(jìn)各類市場(chǎng)主體守法誠(chéng)信經(jīng)營(yíng)。用公正監(jiān)管管出公平、管出效率、管出活力。
We will conduct impartial regulation to promote fair competition.
Fair competition is at the heart of a market economy, and impartial regulation is a safeguard for fair competition. We will reform and improve the fair competition review and impartial regulation systems, and move faster to do away with all regulations and practices that impede the functioning of a unified market and fair competition.
Simple regulations are easy to follow. The simpler and more transparent the rules are, the more robust and effective regulation is. At the national level, the focus is on developing unified regulatory rules and standards, while local governments should concentrate most of their energy on conducting impartial regulation.
We will continue interdepartmental oversight conducted through the random selection of both inspectors and inspection targets and the prompt release of results. We will promote credit rating-based regulation and the Internet Plus Regulation reform initiative, develop better ways of enforcing laws on environmental protection, fire prevention, tax collection, and market oversight, and see that law breakers are punished in accordance with law and the law-abiding are let be.
We will deepen the reform of coordinated law enforcement by government departments, overhaul government penalties and punitive measures, and address overlap and duplication in enforcement. Regulators themselves must also be subject to strong oversight and follow rules. There can be no tolerance for selective or arbitrary law enforcement or for making things difficult for businesses and people.
We will, in accordance with law, crack down on violations of law such as the production and sale of counterfeit and substandard goods, and make the price to pay for serious offenders too dear to afford. We will improve the mechanism for joint punitive action against bad faith, and encourage all market entities to do business in accordance with law and in good faith. We will use impartial regulation to ensure a fair, efficient, and dynamic market.
以改革推動(dòng)降低涉企收費(fèi)。深化電力市場(chǎng)化改革，清理電價(jià)附加收費(fèi)，降低制造業(yè)用電成本，一般工商業(yè)平均電價(jià)再降低10%。深化收費(fèi)公路制度改革，推動(dòng)降低過(guò)路過(guò)橋費(fèi)用，治理對(duì)客貨運(yùn)車輛不合理審批和亂收費(fèi)、亂罰款。兩年內(nèi)基本取消全國(guó)高速公路省界收費(fèi)站，實(shí)現(xiàn)不停車快捷收費(fèi)，減少擁堵、便利群眾。取消或降低一批鐵路、港口收費(fèi)。專項(xiàng)治理中介服務(wù)收費(fèi)。繼續(xù)清理規(guī)范行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)。加快收費(fèi)清單“一張網(wǎng)”建設(shè)，讓收費(fèi)公開(kāi)透明，讓亂收費(fèi)無(wú)處藏身。
We will carry out reforms to promote reductions in business-related charges.
We will deepen market-oriented reforms in the electric power sector, overhaul surcharges on electricity prices, lower electricity costs in manufacturing, and cut the average electricity price for general industrial and commercial businesses by another 10 percent.
We will advance the reform of the toll roads system, move to cut tolls on highways and bridges, and put a stop to unjustified requirements for approval as well as arbitrary charges and fines on passenger and freight transport vehicles. Within two years, we will remove almost all expressway toll booths at provincial borders and make nonstop, swift collection a reality. This will cut traffic congestion and make road transport more convenient. A number of railway and port charges will be abolished or lowered.
We will launch an initiative to address the collection of charges by intermediary organizations. We will continue reviewing and standardizing government levied charges. We will speed up the development of a comprehensive listing system for the collection of fees and charges, making charge collecting open and transparent and leaving unauthorized charges no place to hide.
(三)堅(jiān)持創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)發(fā)展，培育壯大新動(dòng)能。發(fā)揮我國(guó)人力人才資源豐富、國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)巨大等綜合優(yōu)勢(shì)，改革創(chuàng)新科技研發(fā)和產(chǎn)業(yè)化應(yīng)用機(jī)制，大力培育專業(yè)精神，促進(jìn)新舊動(dòng)能接續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換。
3. We will continue to pursue innovation-driven development and foster new growth drivers.
We will make full use of our country's combined strengths—its abundant human resources and talent and vast domestic market, reform and develop new mechanisms for scientific and technological R&D and industrial application, and foster professionalism, to speed up the replacement of old growth drivers with new ones.
推動(dòng)傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造提升。圍繞推動(dòng)制造業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，強(qiáng)化工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力，促進(jìn)先進(jìn)制造業(yè)和現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)融合發(fā)展，加快建設(shè)制造強(qiáng)國(guó)。打造工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺(tái)，拓展“智能+”，為制造業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)賦能。支持企業(yè)加快技術(shù)改造和設(shè)備更新，將固定資產(chǎn)加速折舊優(yōu)惠政策擴(kuò)大至全部制造業(yè)領(lǐng)域。強(qiáng)化質(zhì)量基礎(chǔ)支撐，推動(dòng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與國(guó)際先進(jìn)水平對(duì)接，提升產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)品質(zhì)，讓更多國(guó)內(nèi)外用戶選擇中國(guó)制造、中國(guó)服務(wù)。
We will work to transform and upgrade traditional industries.
To promote the development of high-quality manufacturing, we will strengthen the foundations of industry and the capacity for technological innovation, boost the integrated development of advanced manufacturing and modernized services, and work faster to make China strong in manufacturing.
We will create industrial internet platforms and expand Intelligent Plus initiatives to facilitate transformation and upgrading in manufacturing. We will support enterprises in speeding up technological transformation and equipment upgrading by extending the preferential policy of accelerated depreciation of fixed assets to the entire manufacturing sector.
We will strengthen the supporting capacity of quality infrastructure, upgrade our standards to meet advanced international ones, and improve the quality of products and services to encourage more domestic and foreign users to choose Chinese goods and services.
促進(jìn)新興產(chǎn)業(yè)加快發(fā)展。深化大數(shù)據(jù)、人工智能等研發(fā)應(yīng)用，培育新一代信息技術(shù)、高端裝備、生物醫(yī)藥、新能源汽車、新材料等新興產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，壯大數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)。堅(jiān)持包容審慎監(jiān)管，支持新業(yè)態(tài)新模式發(fā)展，促進(jìn)平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)、共享經(jīng)濟(jì)健康成長(zhǎng)。加快在各行業(yè)各領(lǐng)域推進(jìn)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”。持續(xù)推動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)提速降費(fèi)。開(kāi)展城市千兆寬帶入戶示范，改造提升遠(yuǎn)程教育、遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療網(wǎng)絡(luò)，推動(dòng)移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)擴(kuò)容升級(jí)，讓用戶切實(shí)感受到網(wǎng)速更快更穩(wěn)定。今年中小企業(yè)寬帶平均資費(fèi)再降低15%，移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量平均資費(fèi)再降低20%以上，在全國(guó)實(shí)行“攜號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)網(wǎng)”，規(guī)范套餐設(shè)置，使降費(fèi)實(shí)實(shí)在在、消費(fèi)者明明白白。
We will work to speed up the growth of emerging industries.
We will strengthen R&D and the application of big data and artificial intelligence technologies, foster clusters of emerging industries like next-generation information technology, high-end equipment, biomedicine, new-energy automobiles, and new materials, and expand the digital economy. We will continue accommodative and prudential regulation, support the growth of new forms and models of business, and stimulate the healthy development of the platform economy and the sharing economy. We will speed up efforts to pursue Internet Plus initiatives in all industries and sectors.
We will continue to speed up broadband and lower internet rates. We will launch demo projects to extend 1,000M broadband connectivity to urban homes, upgrade networks for distance education and telemedicine, and increase the capacity of and upgrade mobile networks, to provide faster and more reliable broadband connections for internet users.
This year, average broadband service rates for small and medium enterprises will be lowered by another 15 percent, and average rates for mobile internet services will be further cut by more than 20 percent. Cellphone subscribers nationwide will be able to keep their numbers while switching carriers, and cellphone packages will be regulated to achieve solid fee cuts for all consumers to see.
提升科技支撐能力。加大基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究支持力度，強(qiáng)化原始創(chuàng)新，加強(qiáng)關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)攻關(guān)。抓緊布局國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室，重組國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室體系。完善重大科技項(xiàng)目組織管理。健全以企業(yè)為主體的產(chǎn)學(xué)研一體化創(chuàng)新機(jī)制，支持企業(yè)牽頭實(shí)施重大科技項(xiàng)目。加快建設(shè)科技創(chuàng)新資源開(kāi)放共享平臺(tái)，強(qiáng)化對(duì)中小企業(yè)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新服務(wù)。擴(kuò)大國(guó)際創(chuàng)新合作。全面加強(qiáng)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)，健全知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)侵權(quán)懲罰性賠償制度，促進(jìn)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造和轉(zhuǎn)化運(yùn)用?？萍紕?chuàng)新本質(zhì)上是人的創(chuàng)造性活動(dòng)。要充分尊重和信任科研人員，賦予創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)和領(lǐng)軍人才更大的人財(cái)物支配權(quán)和技術(shù)路線決策權(quán)。進(jìn)一步提高基礎(chǔ)研究項(xiàng)目間接經(jīng)費(fèi)占比，開(kāi)展項(xiàng)目經(jīng)費(fèi)使用“包干制”改革試點(diǎn)，不設(shè)科目比例限制，由科研團(tuán)隊(duì)自主決定使用。完善科技成果評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制。要在推動(dòng)科技體制改革舉措落地見(jiàn)效上下功夫，決不能讓改革政策停留在口頭上、紙面上。大力簡(jiǎn)除煩苛，使科研人員潛心向?qū)W、創(chuàng)新突破。加強(qiáng)科研倫理和學(xué)風(fēng)建設(shè)，懲戒學(xué)術(shù)不端，力戒浮躁之風(fēng)。我國(guó)有世界上最大規(guī)模的科技人才隊(duì)伍，營(yíng)造良好的科研生態(tài)，就一定能夠迎來(lái)各類英才競(jìng)現(xiàn)、創(chuàng)新成果泉涌的生動(dòng)局面。
We will increase our ability to provide scientific and technological support.
We will increase support for basic research and application-oriented basic research, step up original innovation, and work harder to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields. We will act quickly to undertake overall planning on national laboratories and restructure the system of key national laboratories. We will improve the organization and management of major science and technology programs.
We will refine enterprise-led mechanisms for bringing together firms, universities, and research institutes to engage in innovation, and support companies in heading up major science and technology programs. We will speed up the development of platforms for sharing scientific and technological innovation resources, and provide better services to small and medium businesses to facilitate their technological innovation. Innovation cooperation with other countries will be expanded. We will strengthen intellectual property protection across the board, improve the system of punitive compensation for IP infringements, and promote invention and creation and their industrial application.
Technological innovation is in essence a human creative activity. We must fully respect and trust our scientists and researchers, and empower teams and leaders of innovation by placing more human, financial, and material resources at their disposal and giving them more power to make decisions on technology roadmaps. We will further increase the proportion of indirect funding for basic research projects, pilot the creation of ceilings in funding that enable the retention of unused funds, set no limits on the proportions of spending items, and give research teams the power to decide how to use funds. We will improve the assessment mechanisms for advances in science and technology.
We will work to ensure that measures to reform science and technology management systems are fully implemented, and must not allow reform policies to become hollow promises. We will work hard to cut red tape to enable researchers to concentrate on the pursuit of learning, innovation, and breakthroughs. We will strengthen research ethics, improve academic practice, take disciplinary action against academic misconduct, and guard firmly against rash action.
China has the largest pool of scientific and technological personnel in the world. If we foster a healthy research environment, we'll be sure to see brilliant and capable people emerge in all fields and create a boundless stream of innovations.
進(jìn)一步把大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新引向深入。鼓勵(lì)更多社會(huì)主體創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)，拓展經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展空間，加強(qiáng)全方位服務(wù)，發(fā)揮雙創(chuàng)示范基地帶動(dòng)作用。強(qiáng)化普惠性支持，落實(shí)好小規(guī)模納稅人增值稅起征點(diǎn)從月銷售額3萬(wàn)元提高到10萬(wàn)元等稅收優(yōu)惠政策。改革完善金融支持機(jī)制，設(shè)立科創(chuàng)板并試點(diǎn)注冊(cè)制，鼓勵(lì)發(fā)行雙創(chuàng)金融債券，擴(kuò)大知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)質(zhì)押融資，支持發(fā)展創(chuàng)業(yè)投資。改革完善人才培養(yǎng)、使用、評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制，優(yōu)化歸國(guó)留學(xué)人員和外籍人才服務(wù)。把面向市場(chǎng)需求和弘揚(yáng)人文精神結(jié)合起來(lái)，善聚善用各類人才，中國(guó)創(chuàng)新一定能更好發(fā)展，為人類文明進(jìn)步作出應(yīng)有貢獻(xiàn)。
We will do more to encourage startups and innovation nationwide.
We will encourage more private actors to engage in innovation and start businesses, expand the space for economic and social development, strengthen comprehensive services, and give play to the pathfinding role of innovation and entrepreneurship demo centers.
We will strengthen inclusive support for innovation and business startups, and implement preferential tax policies such as raising the VAT threshold from 30,000 to 100,000 yuan in monthly sales for small-scale taxpayers.
We will reform and improve financial support mechanisms, establish a science and technology innovation board that will pilot an IPO registration system, encourage the issuing of special bonds for innovation and entrepreneurship, expand the use of intellectual property pledge financing, and support the growth of venture capital investment.
We will reform and improve mechanisms for training, employing, and evaluating capable people and provide better services for students returning from overseas and foreign professionals. By combining our response to market demand with a championing of the spirit of humanity, and by bringing together and using well capable people with talents of all kinds, we will be sure to see better development in Chinese innovation, and thus do our part for the progress of human civilization.
(四)促進(jìn)形成強(qiáng)大國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)，持續(xù)釋放內(nèi)需潛力。充分發(fā)揮消費(fèi)的基礎(chǔ)作用、投資的關(guān)鍵作用，穩(wěn)定國(guó)內(nèi)有效需求，為經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行提供有力支撐。
4. We will stimulate the development of a robust domestic market and keep unlocking the potential of domestic demand.
We will fully leverage the basic role of consumption and the key role of investment, ensure steady effective domestic demand, and thus boost stable economic performance.
推動(dòng)消費(fèi)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)。多措并舉促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)居民增收，增強(qiáng)消費(fèi)能力。落實(shí)好新修訂的個(gè)人所得稅法，使符合減稅政策的約8000萬(wàn)納稅人應(yīng)享盡享。要順應(yīng)消費(fèi)需求的新變化，多渠道增加優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)供給，加快破除民間資本進(jìn)入的堵點(diǎn)。我國(guó)60歲以上人口已達(dá)2.5億。要大力發(fā)展養(yǎng)老特別是社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)業(yè)，對(duì)在社區(qū)提供日間照料、康復(fù)護(hù)理、助餐助行等服務(wù)的機(jī)構(gòu)給予稅費(fèi)減免、資金支持、水電氣熱價(jià)格優(yōu)惠等扶持，新建居住區(qū)應(yīng)配套建設(shè)社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)設(shè)施，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老服務(wù)設(shè)施建設(shè)，改革完善醫(yī)養(yǎng)結(jié)合政策，擴(kuò)大長(zhǎng)期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度試點(diǎn)，讓老年人擁有幸福的晚年，后來(lái)人就有可期的未來(lái)。嬰幼兒照護(hù)事關(guān)千家萬(wàn)戶。要針對(duì)實(shí)施全面兩孩政策后的新情況，加快發(fā)展多種形式的嬰幼兒照護(hù)服務(wù)，支持社會(huì)力量興辦托育服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)，加強(qiáng)兒童安全保障。促進(jìn)家政服務(wù)業(yè)提質(zhì)擴(kuò)容。發(fā)展全域旅游，壯大旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)。穩(wěn)定汽車消費(fèi)，繼續(xù)執(zhí)行新能源汽車購(gòu)置優(yōu)惠政策，推動(dòng)充電、加氫等設(shè)施建設(shè)。發(fā)展消費(fèi)新業(yè)態(tài)新模式，促進(jìn)線上線下消費(fèi)融合發(fā)展，培育消費(fèi)新增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。健全農(nóng)村流通網(wǎng)絡(luò)，支持電商和快遞發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)，讓群眾放心消費(fèi)、便利消費(fèi)。
We will promote steady growth in consumption.
We will use a combination of measures to increase urban and rural personal incomes and boost capacity for consumption. We will fully implement the revised Individual Income Tax Law to see that approximately 80 million taxpayers to whom reductions apply get the most out of these policies. We will adapt to new changes in consumption needs, use multiple avenues to increase the supply of quality products and services, and act faster to resolve problems and difficulties blocking the entry of private investment.
The number of people in China aged 60 and above has now reached 250 million. We will take significant steps to develop elderly care, especially community elderly care services. We will provide support to institutions offering services in the community like day care, rehabilitation care, and assisted meals and assisted mobility using measures such as tax and fee cuts and exemptions, funding support, and reduced charges for water, electricity, gas, and heating. New residential areas should include facilities for community elderly care services, and we will step up the development of such facilities in rural areas. We will reform and refine policies for integrating medical and elderly care services, and extend trials for long-term care insurance to cover more areas. Only when the elderly live happily can the young have a future to look forward to.
Infant and child care is important to millions of families. In response to the new demands created by the full implementation of the two-child policy, we will move faster to develop various types of infant and child care services, encourage private actors to run childcare and early childhood education agencies, and provide better protection for the safety of our children.
We will promote higher quality and an expansion of capacity in the housekeeping service sector. We will develop integrated tourism and strengthen the tourism industry. To maintain stable automobile consumption, we will continue preferential policies on the purchase of new-energy vehicles and facilitate the building of charging and hydrogenation facilities. We will develop new forms and models of consumption, promote the growth of both online and offline consumption, and foster new growth areas in consumer spending. We will improve logistics networks in rural areas and support the development of e-commerce and express delivery services. We will strengthen the protection of consumers' rights and interests, and ensure worry-free and convenient consumption.
合理擴(kuò)大有效投資。緊扣國(guó)家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，加快實(shí)施一批重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目。完成鐵路投資8000億元、公路水運(yùn)投資1.8萬(wàn)億元，再開(kāi)工一批重大水利工程，加快川藏鐵路規(guī)劃建設(shè)，加大城際交通、物流、市政、災(zāi)害防治、民用和通用航空等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資力度，加強(qiáng)新一代信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。今年中央預(yù)算內(nèi)投資安排5776億元，比去年增加400億元。創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目融資方式，適當(dāng)降低基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等項(xiàng)目資本金比例，用好開(kāi)發(fā)性金融工具，吸引更多民間資本參與重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域項(xiàng)目建設(shè)。落實(shí)民間投資支持政策，有序推進(jìn)政府和社會(huì)資本合作。改革完善招投標(biāo)制度。政府要帶頭講誠(chéng)信守契約，決不能“新官不理舊賬”，對(duì)拖欠企業(yè)的款項(xiàng)年底前要清償一半以上，決不允許增加新的拖欠。
We will expand effective investment as appropriate.
We will closely follow national development strategies and accelerate the implementation of a number of key projects. 800 billion yuan will be invested in railway construction, 1.8 trillion yuan will be invested in road construction and waterway projects, and work will start on a number of major water conservancy projects. We will speed up planning and construction of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, and boost infrastructure investment for intercity transportation, logistics, utilities, disaster prevention and mitigation, and civil and general aviation. We will further develop next-generation information infrastructure. This year, 577.6 billion yuan is included in the central government budget for related investment, an increase of 40 billion yuan on last year.
We will explore new forms of project financing, lower as appropriate capital contribution requirements for infrastructure projects, make good use of developmental financial instruments, and attract more private capital into projects in key areas. We will see that policies to encourage private investment are implemented, and take systematic steps to strengthen cooperation between the government and private capital. We will undertake reforms to improve the public bidding system.
The government must set an example in acting in good faith and honoring contracts; new officials must not be allowed to get away with ignoring obligations undertaken by predecessors. Over 50 percent of overdue payments to enterprises must be made by the end of the year, and new arrears are impermissible.
(五)對(duì)標(biāo)全面建成小康社會(huì)任務(wù)，扎實(shí)推進(jìn)脫貧攻堅(jiān)和鄉(xiāng)村振興。堅(jiān)持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村優(yōu)先發(fā)展，加強(qiáng)脫貧攻堅(jiān)與鄉(xiāng)村振興統(tǒng)籌銜接，確保如期實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧攻堅(jiān)目標(biāo)、農(nóng)民生活達(dá)到全面小康水平。
5. We will make solid progress in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization and move closer to completing the tasks of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
We will continue to prioritize the development of agriculture and rural areas, strengthen both poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and ensure that the poverty alleviation goals are achieved and rural living standards reach the level of moderate prosperity in all respects according to plan.
打好精準(zhǔn)脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)。重點(diǎn)解決實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩不愁三保障”面臨的突出問(wèn)題，加大“三區(qū)三州”等深度貧困地區(qū)脫貧攻堅(jiān)力度，加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，落實(shí)對(duì)特殊貧困人口的保障措施。脫貧致富離不開(kāi)產(chǎn)業(yè)支撐，要大力扶持貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展特色優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)。開(kāi)展貧困地區(qū)控輟保學(xué)專項(xiàng)行動(dòng)、明顯降低輟學(xué)率，繼續(xù)增加重點(diǎn)高校專項(xiàng)招收農(nóng)村和貧困地區(qū)學(xué)生人數(shù)，用好教育這個(gè)阻斷貧困代際傳遞的治本之策。基本完成“十三五”易地扶貧搬遷規(guī)劃建設(shè)任務(wù)，加強(qiáng)后續(xù)扶持。對(duì)摘帽縣和脫貧人口的扶持政策要保持一段時(shí)間，鞏固脫貧成果。完善考核監(jiān)督，用好中央脫貧攻堅(jiān)專項(xiàng)巡視成果。越是到脫貧攻堅(jiān)的關(guān)鍵階段，越要抓實(shí)抓細(xì)各項(xiàng)工作，確保脫貧有實(shí)效、可持續(xù)、經(jīng)得起歷史檢驗(yàn)。
We will beat poverty with precision alleviation.
We will give priority to our work of seeing that the basic living needs of rural poor populations are met and that such people have access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and housing. We will intensify poverty alleviation in areas of extreme poverty like the "three regions and three prefectures," strengthen infrastructure development in such areas, and ensure social safeguards for the most vulnerable groups.
The eradication of poverty and achievement of prosperity cannot happen without the support of industries. We will do more to support impoverished areas in developing businesses that leverage local strengths.
We will launch an initiative to address school dropout rates and ensure attendance, and achieve clear reductions in rural student dropout rates in poor areas. We will continue to increase the size of special enrollment quotas at key universities for students from rural and poor areas, and make full use of the fundamental role of education in stopping poverty from being passed on to the next generation.
We will move toward completion of the 13th Five-Year Plan's construction tasks for planned relocations of poor populations from inhospitable areas, and strengthen follow-up support. Support policies that apply to counties and populations that have recently been lifted out of poverty will be maintained for a period to consolidate progress in poverty alleviation. We will improve evaluation and oversight, and ensure that the results of special inspections on poverty alleviation by central government inspection teams serve their intended purpose. The further we get in the crucial stage of the fight, the greater the need, in every aspect of our work, to tackle real problems with attention paid to details, to be certain to deliver substantive, sustainable outcomes that stand the test of time.
抓好農(nóng)業(yè)特別是糧食生產(chǎn)。近14億中國(guó)人的飯碗，必須牢牢端在自己手上。要穩(wěn)定糧食產(chǎn)量，優(yōu)化品種結(jié)構(gòu)。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)田水利建設(shè)，新增高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田8000萬(wàn)畝以上。穩(wěn)定生豬等畜禽生產(chǎn)，做好非洲豬瘟等疫病防控。加快農(nóng)業(yè)科技改革創(chuàng)新，大力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代種業(yè)，加強(qiáng)先進(jìn)實(shí)用技術(shù)推廣，實(shí)施地理標(biāo)志農(nóng)產(chǎn)品保護(hù)工程，推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)全程機(jī)械化。培育家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)、農(nóng)民合作社等新型經(jīng)營(yíng)主體，加強(qiáng)面向小農(nóng)戶的社會(huì)化服務(wù)，發(fā)展多種形式規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)。扶持主產(chǎn)區(qū)發(fā)展農(nóng)產(chǎn)品精深加工。支持返鄉(xiāng)入鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，推動(dòng)一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展，壯大縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)。務(wù)工收入是農(nóng)民增收的大頭。要根治拖欠農(nóng)民工工資問(wèn)題，抓緊制定專門行政法規(guī)，確保付出辛勞和汗水的農(nóng)民工按時(shí)拿到應(yīng)有的報(bào)酬。
We will improve agriculture, particularly grain production.
We must ensure, through our own efforts, the grain supply for almost 1.4 billion Chinese people. To this end, we will keep grain output stable and optimize the mix of crop varieties. We will strengthen farmland irrigation and water conservancy, and increase the area of high-standard cropland by no less than 5.33 million hectares. We will ensure that the production of hogs and other types of livestock, and poultry, remains stable, and strengthen the prevention and control of epidemics and diseases like African swine fever.
We will speed up reform and innovation in agricultural technologies, make a big push to develop a modern seed industry, step up efforts to encourage the widespread use of advanced practical technologies, implement programs to protect agricultural products with geographical indications, and advance the mechanization of entire agricultural production processes. We will foster new types of agricultural businesses such as family farms and farmer cooperatives, improve commercial services catering to small agricultural households, and develop a diverse range of large-scale agricultural operations. We will support major agricultural production areas in developing intensive farm product processing.
We will provide support to people who are returning or moving to the countryside to start businesses or pursue innovations, promote the integrated development of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, and strengthen county economies. Income from nonagricultural work plays a big part in increasing rural incomes. We must address at the root wage arrears owed to rural migrant workers, act fast to draw up government regulations specifically with this aim, and make sure that our hard-working rural migrant workers get the pay they have earned on time.
扎實(shí)推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村建設(shè)。科學(xué)編制和實(shí)施建設(shè)規(guī)劃，大力改善生產(chǎn)生活條件。加快實(shí)施農(nóng)村飲水安全鞏固提升工程，今明兩年要解決好飲水困難人口的飲水安全問(wèn)題，提高6000萬(wàn)農(nóng)村人口供水保障水平。完成新一輪農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)升級(jí)改造。新建改建農(nóng)村公路20萬(wàn)公里。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)農(nóng)村危房改造。因地制宜開(kāi)展農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境整治，推進(jìn)“廁所革命”、垃圾污水治理，建設(shè)美麗鄉(xiāng)村。
We will take solid steps to upgrade rural infrastructure.
To significantly improve living and working conditions, we will design sound development plans and put them into effect. Implementation will be accelerated of programs to consolidate and build on progress already made in providing safe drinking water in rural areas. Remaining problems in access to safe drinking water will be resolved within two years so that an additional 60 million rural residents have access to safe drinking water. The new round of rural power grid upgrading will be completed. Roughly 200,000 kilometers of rural roads will be built or improved. We will continue to renovate dilapidated rural houses. We will work to improve rural living environments in light of local conditions, make progress in the Toilet Revolution, and improve garbage and sewage treatment to build a beautiful countryside.
全面深化農(nóng)村改革。推廣農(nóng)村土地征收、集體經(jīng)營(yíng)性建設(shè)用地入市、宅基地制度改革試點(diǎn)成果。深化集體產(chǎn)權(quán)、集體林權(quán)、國(guó)有林區(qū)林場(chǎng)、農(nóng)墾、供銷社等改革。改革完善農(nóng)業(yè)支持保護(hù)體系，健全糧食價(jià)格市場(chǎng)化形成機(jī)制，擴(kuò)大政策性農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)改革試點(diǎn)，創(chuàng)新和加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村金融服務(wù)。持續(xù)深化農(nóng)村改革，廣袤鄉(xiāng)村必將煥發(fā)新的生機(jī)活力。
We will deepen comprehensive rural reforms.
We will expand the use of practices proven successful through trials of rural land requisitions, marketing rural collective land for development purposes, and reforming the system of rural residential land.
We will deepen reforms relating to collective property rights, collective forest tenure, state forestry areas and farms, state farms, and supply and marketing cooperatives. We will reform and improve the agricultural protection and support system, refine the market-based pricing mechanism for grains, expand trial reforms on policy-based agricultural insurance, and create new and better ways of providing financial services in rural areas. Rural reforms will be deepened, and all these efforts will without doubt inject new vitality in China's vast countryside.
(六)促進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，提高新型城鎮(zhèn)化質(zhì)量。圍繞解決發(fā)展不平衡不充分問(wèn)題，改革完善相關(guān)機(jī)制和政策，促進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化，推動(dòng)區(qū)域優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)、城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展。
6. We will promote coordinated development across regions and improve the quality of new urbanization.
To address unbalanced and insufficient development, we will reform and refine the relevant mechanisms and policies to equalize access to basic public services, enable regions to complement each other with their respective strengths, and promote integrated urban-rural development.
優(yōu)化區(qū)域發(fā)展格局。制定西部開(kāi)發(fā)開(kāi)放新的政策措施，西部地區(qū)企業(yè)所得稅優(yōu)惠等政策到期后繼續(xù)執(zhí)行。落實(shí)和完善促進(jìn)東北全面振興、中部地區(qū)崛起、東部率先發(fā)展的改革創(chuàng)新舉措。京津冀協(xié)同發(fā)展重在疏解北京非首都功能，高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建設(shè)雄安新區(qū)。落實(shí)粵港澳大灣區(qū)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，促進(jìn)規(guī)則銜接，推動(dòng)生產(chǎn)要素流動(dòng)和人員往來(lái)便利化。將長(zhǎng)三角區(qū)域一體化發(fā)展上升為國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略，編制實(shí)施發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展要堅(jiān)持上中下游協(xié)同，加強(qiáng)生態(tài)保護(hù)修復(fù)和綜合交通運(yùn)輸體系建設(shè)，打造高質(zhì)量發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)帶。支持資源型地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型。加快補(bǔ)齊革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)、貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展短板。大力發(fā)展藍(lán)色經(jīng)濟(jì)，保護(hù)海洋環(huán)境，建設(shè)海洋強(qiáng)國(guó)。
We will improve the layout of development for all our regions.
To promote development and opening up in the west of China, we will adopt new policies and measures and continue current policies like corporate income tax relief for the region on their expiration. Reforms and innovative measures will be implemented and improved to facilitate northeast China's full revitalization, central China's rise, and east China's trailblazing development.
In pursuing integrated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, we will give priority to relieving Beijing of functions nonessential to its role as the capital and on developing the Xiongan New Area according to high standards.
In developing the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, we will work to ensure the development plan's implementation, achieving compatibility between each region's rules, and facilitating flows of factors of production and the movement of people.
We will elevate the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta to the status of national strategy and design and implement an overall development plan.
In the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt, we will continue to pursue coordinated development along the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the river, and strengthen both the protection and restoration of ecosystems and the development of a comprehensive transportation system, to create a belt of quality economic development.
We will support economic transformation in resource-depleted areas. We will move faster to strengthen development in old revolutionary base areas, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas to help them catch up. We will develop the blue economy, protect the marine environment, and strengthen China's maritime development.
深入推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化。堅(jiān)持以中心城市引領(lǐng)城市群發(fā)展。抓好農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口落戶，推動(dòng)城鎮(zhèn)基本公共服務(wù)覆蓋常住人口。更好解決群眾住房問(wèn)題，落實(shí)城市主體責(zé)任，改革完善住房市場(chǎng)體系和保障體系，促進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)平穩(wěn)健康發(fā)展。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)保障性住房建設(shè)和城鎮(zhèn)棚戶區(qū)改造，保障困難群體基本居住需求。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)地下綜合管廊建設(shè)。城鎮(zhèn)老舊小區(qū)量大面廣，要大力進(jìn)行改造提升，更新水電路氣等配套設(shè)施，支持加裝電梯和無(wú)障礙環(huán)境建設(shè)，健全便民市場(chǎng)、便利店、步行街、停車場(chǎng)等生活服務(wù)設(shè)施。新型城鎮(zhèn)化要處處體現(xiàn)以人為核心，提高柔性化治理、精細(xì)化服務(wù)水平，讓城市更加宜居，更具包容和人文關(guān)懷。
We will advance new urbanization.
We will continue to stimulate the development of city clusters through the development of leading cities. We will make more progress in granting permanent urban residency to people who have moved to cities from the countryside and work toward making basic urban public services cover all permanent urban residents.
We will better address people's housing needs, require local governments to shoulder primary responsibility, reform and improve housing market and support systems, and sustain the steady and healthy development of real estate markets. We will continue to build government subsidized housing and rebuild rundown urban areas to meet the basic housing needs of disadvantaged groups.
We will continue to improve underground utility tunnels. Old residential areas in cities are large in both number and area. We will make a big push toward their regeneration, update their roads, water, power, and gas supplies and other supporting infrastructure; support the installation of elevators and the development of barrier-free environments; and improve amenities like markets, convenience stores, pedestrian streets, and parking lots.
New urbanization should be people-centered in every respect: we need to be better at conducting flexible governance and providing thoughtfully-designed services to make our cities more livable and give them a more inclusive and welcoming feel.
(七)加強(qiáng)污染防治和生態(tài)建設(shè)，大力推動(dòng)綠色發(fā)展。綠色發(fā)展是構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代化經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的必然要求，是解決污染問(wèn)題的根本之策。要改革完善相關(guān)制度，協(xié)同推動(dòng)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展與生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)。
7. We will strengthen pollution prevention and control, enhance ecological improvement, and make big advances in green development.
Green development is a critical element of modernizing an economy; it is also a fundamental solution to pollution. We will reform and refine relevant systems, and pursue both high-quality development and environmental protection.
持續(xù)推進(jìn)污染防治。鞏固擴(kuò)大藍(lán)天保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)成果，今年二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量要下降3%，重點(diǎn)地區(qū)細(xì)顆粒物(PM2.5)濃度繼續(xù)下降。持續(xù)開(kāi)展京津冀及周邊、長(zhǎng)三角、汾渭平原大氣污染治理攻堅(jiān)，加強(qiáng)工業(yè)、燃煤、機(jī)動(dòng)車三大污染源治理。做好北方地區(qū)清潔取暖工作，確保群眾溫暖過(guò)冬。強(qiáng)化水、土壤污染防治，今年化學(xué)需氧量、氨氮排放量要下降2%。加快治理黑臭水體，防治農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染，推進(jìn)重點(diǎn)流域和近岸海域綜合整治。加強(qiáng)固體廢棄物和城市垃圾分類處置，促進(jìn)減量化、資源化、無(wú)害化。加強(qiáng)污染防治重大科技攻關(guān)。企業(yè)作為污染防治主體，必須依法履行環(huán)保責(zé)任。改革創(chuàng)新環(huán)境治理方式，對(duì)企業(yè)既依法依規(guī)監(jiān)管，又重視合理訴求、加強(qiáng)幫扶指導(dǎo)，對(duì)需要達(dá)標(biāo)整改的給予合理過(guò)渡期，避免處置措施簡(jiǎn)單粗暴、一關(guān)了之。企業(yè)有內(nèi)在動(dòng)力和外部壓力，污染防治一定能取得更大成效。
We will keep intensifying efforts to prevent and control pollution.
Gains made in the fight to keep our skies blue will be consolidated and expanded. This year, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions will be cut by 3 percent, and there will be a continuous decline in PM2.5 concentrations in key areas. We will continue to curb air pollution in and around the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, in the Yangtze River Delta, and in the Fenhe-Weihe River Plain area. We will make stronger moves to tackle three major sources of pollution: industrial production, coal used as fuel, and motor vehicles. We will make a good job of promoting clean heating in northern China and ensure people's homes are warm for the winter.
Water and soil pollution prevention and control will be strengthened, and this year we will achieve a 2-percent drop in both chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions. Efforts to clean up black, malodorous water bodies will be accelerated; work will take place to prevent and control agricultural pollution from non-point sources; and comprehensive measures will be taken to improve the environment in key river basins and offshore areas. We will step up sorting in solid waste and urban garbage disposal, and work toward the reduction, recycling, and safe disposal of such waste. We will intensify efforts to achieve major scientific and technological breakthroughs in pollution prevention and control.
As the primary actors in pollution prevention and control, enterprises must fulfill their responsibility of protecting the environment according to law. We need to reform and find new approaches to environmental governance. While we must conduct oversight over enterprises in compliance with laws and regulations, we must also heed their justified concerns and provide better assistance and guidance to them. Enterprises that need to take measures to meet standards should be given a reasonable grace period to do so, and we must avoid handling things in a simplistic and crude way or just shutting firms down to be done with it. When enterprises have both motivation themselves and external pressure, our work to prevent and control pollution is certain to produce more effective results.
壯大綠色環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)。堅(jiān)持源頭治理，加快火電、鋼鐵行業(yè)超低排放改造，實(shí)施重污染行業(yè)達(dá)標(biāo)排放改造。調(diào)整優(yōu)化能源結(jié)構(gòu)。推進(jìn)煤炭清潔化利用。健全天然氣產(chǎn)供儲(chǔ)銷體系。大力發(fā)展可再生能源，加快解決風(fēng)、光、水電消納問(wèn)題。加大城市污水管網(wǎng)和處理設(shè)施建設(shè)力度。促進(jìn)資源節(jié)約集約和循環(huán)利用，推廣綠色建筑、綠色快遞包裝。改革完善環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)政策，健全排污權(quán)交易制度，加快發(fā)展綠色金融，培育一批專業(yè)化環(huán)保骨干企業(yè)，提升綠色發(fā)展能力。
We will strengthen green and environmentally friendly industries.
To address problems at the source, we will quicken the pace of upgrading in thermal power, steel, and other industries to achieve ultra-low emissions, and enforce upgrades in heavy-polluting sectors to achieve compliance with standards. We will adjust and improve the energy mix, promote the cleaner use of coal, and establish better systems for the production, supply, storage, and sale of natural gas. We will promote the dynamic development of renewable energy, and work faster to address the problem of idle capacity in wind, solar, and hydroelectric power. The development of sewer networks and treatment facilities in urban areas will be sped up. We will encourage the economical and intensive use of resources and their recycling, and expand the construction of eco-friendly buildings and the use of green packaging in the delivery industry.
We will reform and improve environmental economic policies, improve the pollution rights trading system, accelerate the development of green finance, develop leading enterprises specializing in environmental protection, and enhance our capacity for green development.
加強(qiáng)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)保護(hù)修復(fù)。推進(jìn)山水林田湖草生態(tài)保護(hù)修復(fù)工程試點(diǎn)，持續(xù)抓好國(guó)土綠化，加強(qiáng)荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失治理。加大生物多樣性保護(hù)力度。繼續(xù)開(kāi)展退耕還林還草還濕。深化國(guó)家公園體制改革。健全生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。綠色發(fā)展人人有責(zé)，貴在行動(dòng)、成在堅(jiān)持。我們要共同努力，讓人民群眾享有美麗宜居環(huán)境。
We will step up efforts to protect and restore ecosystems.
We will press ahead with trials to conserve and restore the ecosystems of mountains, rivers, lakes, forests, farmland, and grassland. We will continue to strengthen afforestation and the control of desertification, rock desertification, and soil erosion. Biodiversity protection will be strengthened. Work will continue on turning marginal farmland into forest, grassland, and wetlands. Reform of the national parks system will be deepened. Compensation mechanisms for ecological conservation will be improved.
Promoting green development is down to every last one of us; its success hinges on action and commitment. We must all work together to create a beautiful and livable environment for our people.
(八)深化重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域改革，加快完善市場(chǎng)機(jī)制。聚焦突出矛盾和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，推動(dòng)相關(guān)改革深化，健全與高質(zhì)量發(fā)展相適應(yīng)的體制機(jī)制，把市場(chǎng)活力和社會(huì)創(chuàng)造力充分釋放出來(lái)。
8. We will deepen reforms in key sectors and speed up the improvement of market mechanisms.
We will focus on resolving acute problems and strengthening key links, deepen relevant reforms, make our systems and mechanisms better able to promote high-quality development, and fully unlock market dynamism and social creativity.
加快國(guó)資國(guó)企改革。加強(qiáng)和完善國(guó)有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，推進(jìn)國(guó)有資本投資、運(yùn)營(yíng)公司改革試點(diǎn)，促進(jìn)國(guó)有資產(chǎn)保值增值。積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)混合所有制改革。完善公司治理結(jié)構(gòu)，健全市場(chǎng)化經(jīng)營(yíng)機(jī)制，建立職業(yè)經(jīng)理人等制度。依法處置“僵尸企業(yè)”。深化電力、油氣、鐵路等領(lǐng)域改革，自然壟斷行業(yè)要根據(jù)不同行業(yè)特點(diǎn)實(shí)行網(wǎng)運(yùn)分開(kāi)，將競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性業(yè)務(wù)全面推向市場(chǎng)。國(guó)有企業(yè)要通過(guò)改革創(chuàng)新、強(qiáng)身健體，不斷增強(qiáng)發(fā)展活力和核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。
We will accelerate state capital and SOE reforms.
We will strengthen and improve the regulation of state assets, and continue to conduct trial reforms to establish state capital investment and management companies, so as to maintain and increase the value of state assets. Reforms to introduce mixed ownership will be actively but prudently advanced.
We will improve corporate governance structures, make their operating mechanisms market-based, and introduce measures and practices such as hiring professional managers.
We will work in accordance with law to address "zombie enterprises." Reforms will be deepened in sectors including power, oil and natural gas, and railways. In natural monopoly industries, network ownership and operation will be separated in light of the specific conditions of these industries to make the competitive aspects of their operations fully market based. SOEs should get stronger and healthier through reform and innovation to continue increasing their vitality and core competitiveness.
下大氣力優(yōu)化民營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展環(huán)境。堅(jiān)持“兩個(gè)毫不動(dòng)搖”，鼓勵(lì)、支持、引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。按照競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中性原則，在要素獲取、準(zhǔn)入許可、經(jīng)營(yíng)運(yùn)行、政府采購(gòu)和招投標(biāo)等方面，對(duì)各類所有制企業(yè)平等對(duì)待。構(gòu)建親清新型政商關(guān)系，健全政企溝通機(jī)制，激發(fā)企業(yè)家精神，促進(jìn)民營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展升級(jí)。保護(hù)產(chǎn)權(quán)必須堅(jiān)定不移，對(duì)侵權(quán)行為要依法懲處，對(duì)錯(cuò)案冤案要有錯(cuò)必糾。要努力打造良好營(yíng)商環(huán)境，讓企業(yè)家安心搞經(jīng)營(yíng)、放心辦企業(yè)。
We will work for big improvements in the development environment for the private sector.
We will uphold the "two no irresolutions" principle, and encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector. We will follow the principle of competitive neutrality, so that when it comes to access to factors of production, market access and licenses, business operations, government procurement, public biddings, and so on, enterprises under all forms of ownership will be treated on an equal footing.
We will foster a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business, improve mechanisms for their communication, inspire entrepreneurial spirit, and promote development and upgrading in the private sector.
In the protection of property rights we must be firm and unwavering. Infringements on property rights will be dealt with in accordance with law and any wrongly adjudicated cases will be corrected. We will strive to create a positive business environment in which entrepreneurs can be free of concerns in doing business and running companies.
深化財(cái)稅金融體制改革。加大預(yù)算公開(kāi)改革力度，全面實(shí)施預(yù)算績(jī)效管理。深化中央與地方財(cái)政事權(quán)和支出責(zé)任劃分改革，推進(jìn)中央與地方收入劃分改革。完善轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度。健全地方稅體系，穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)稅立法。規(guī)范地方政府舉債融資機(jī)制。以服務(wù)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)為導(dǎo)向，改革優(yōu)化金融體系結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)展民營(yíng)銀行和社區(qū)銀行。改革完善資本市場(chǎng)基礎(chǔ)制度，促進(jìn)多層次資本市場(chǎng)健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，提高直接融資特別是股權(quán)融資比重。增強(qiáng)保險(xiǎn)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)保障功能。加強(qiáng)金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警和化解處置。我國(guó)財(cái)政金融體系總體穩(wěn)健，可運(yùn)用的政策工具多，我們有能力守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的底線。
We will deepen reforms of the fiscal, taxation, and financial systems.
We will take further reform measures to make budgets more transparent, and conduct performance-based budget management across the country. We will deepen the reform to define the respective fiscal powers and expenditure responsibilities of central and local governments and move forward with reforming the way revenue is divided between them. We will improve the transfer payments system. We will improve local tax systems and make steady progress in legislation on real estate tax. We will improve the mechanisms by which local governments secure financing.
We will reform and improve the structure of the financial system, and develop private and community banks, to better serve the real economy. We will reform and improve the basic systems of the capital market to promote the healthy and steady development of multi-tiered capital markets. The proportion of direct financing, particularly equity financing, will be increased. The insurance sector's role in protecting against risk will be enhanced. We will strengthen monitoring, early warnings, mitigation, and control of financial risks.
China's fiscal and financial systems are on the whole stable, and we have many policy tools available, so we are fully capable of ensuring that no systemic risks will emerge.
(九)推動(dòng)全方位對(duì)外開(kāi)放，培育國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)新優(yōu)勢(shì)。進(jìn)一步拓展開(kāi)放領(lǐng)域、優(yōu)化開(kāi)放布局，繼續(xù)推動(dòng)商品和要素流動(dòng)型開(kāi)放，更加注重規(guī)則等制度型開(kāi)放，以高水平開(kāi)放帶動(dòng)改革全面深化。
9. We will promote all-round opening up and foster new strengths in international economic cooperation and competition.
We will open more sectors and improve the layout of opening up, continue to promote opening up based on flows of goods and factors of production, and give greater emphasis to opening up based on rules and related institutions, driving an all-round deepening of reforms through high-standard opening up.
促進(jìn)外貿(mào)穩(wěn)中提質(zhì)。推動(dòng)出口市場(chǎng)多元化。擴(kuò)大出口信用保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面。改革完善跨境電商等新業(yè)態(tài)扶持政策。推動(dòng)服務(wù)貿(mào)易創(chuàng)新發(fā)展，引導(dǎo)加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)、向中西部轉(zhuǎn)移，發(fā)揮好綜合保稅區(qū)作用。優(yōu)化進(jìn)口結(jié)構(gòu)，積極擴(kuò)大進(jìn)口。辦好第二屆中國(guó)國(guó)際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì)。加快提升通關(guān)便利化水平。
We will promote stable and higher quality growth of foreign trade.
We will work to diversify export markets. We will expand the coverage of export credit insurance, and reform and improve support policies for new forms of business such as cross-border e-commerce. We will encourage innovative development in service trade, guide the transformation and upgrading of processing trade and its shift to the central and western regions, and give better play to the role of integrated bonded areas. The import mix will be improved and imports will be actively expanded. We will host the second China International Import Expo. We will step up efforts to facilitate customs clearance.
加大吸引外資力度。進(jìn)一步放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入，縮減外資準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單，允許更多領(lǐng)域?qū)嵭型赓Y獨(dú)資經(jīng)營(yíng)。落實(shí)金融等行業(yè)改革開(kāi)放舉措，完善債券市場(chǎng)開(kāi)放政策。加快與國(guó)際通行經(jīng)貿(mào)規(guī)則對(duì)接，提高政策透明度和執(zhí)行一致性，營(yíng)造內(nèi)外資企業(yè)一視同仁、公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的公正市場(chǎng)環(huán)境。加強(qiáng)外商合法權(quán)益保護(hù)。賦予自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)更大改革創(chuàng)新自主權(quán)，增設(shè)上海自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)新片區(qū)，推進(jìn)海南自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)建設(shè)、探索建設(shè)中國(guó)特色自由貿(mào)易港。支持國(guó)家級(jí)經(jīng)開(kāi)區(qū)、高新區(qū)、新區(qū)開(kāi)展自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)相關(guān)改革試點(diǎn)，增強(qiáng)輻射帶動(dòng)作用，打造改革開(kāi)放新高地。中國(guó)投資環(huán)境一定會(huì)越來(lái)越好，各國(guó)企業(yè)在華發(fā)展機(jī)遇一定會(huì)越來(lái)越多。
We will do more to attract foreign investment.
We will further relax controls over market access, shorten the negative list for foreign investment, and permit wholly foreign funded enterprises to operate in more sectors. We will implement reform and opening up measures in the financial and other sectors, and improve policies on opening the bond market. We will further align our policies with internationally accepted trade rules, enhance policy transparency and consistency in implementation, and create a fair and impartial market environment where Chinese and foreign companies are treated as equals and engage in fair competition. We will strengthen efforts to protect foreign investors' lawful rights and interests.
We will grant greater autonomy to pilot free trade zones to carry out reform and innovation, expand the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone, step up the building of the China (Hainan) Pilot Free Trade Zone, and explore the opening of a free trade port with Chinese features. We will support national-level economic development zones, new- and high-tech development zones, and new areas in implementing trial reforms pioneered and developed in pilot free trade zones, so that they can better lead their surrounding areas and grow into pacesetters of reform and opening up. China's investment environment is all set to get better and better, which means more and more business opportunities for foreign companies in China are a sure thing.
推動(dòng)共建“一帶一路”。堅(jiān)持共商共建共享，遵循市場(chǎng)原則和國(guó)際通行規(guī)則，發(fā)揮企業(yè)主體作用，推動(dòng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施互聯(lián)互通，加強(qiáng)國(guó)際產(chǎn)能合作，拓展第三方市場(chǎng)合作。辦好第二屆“一帶一路”國(guó)際合作高峰論壇。推動(dòng)對(duì)外投資合作健康有序發(fā)展。
We will promote the joint pursuit of the BRI.
We will adhere to the principle of pursuing shared growth through discussion and collaboration and observe market principles and international rules. We will see that enterprises are the main actors, advance infrastructural connectivity, strengthen international cooperation on production capacity, and expand third-party market cooperation. We will host the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. We will work to ensure the healthy and orderly growth of outbound investment and international cooperation.
促進(jìn)貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化。中國(guó)堅(jiān)定維護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和自由貿(mào)易，積極參與世貿(mào)組織改革。加快構(gòu)建高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自貿(mào)區(qū)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，推進(jìn)區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定、中日韓自貿(mào)區(qū)、中歐投資協(xié)定談判，繼續(xù)推動(dòng)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)磋商。中國(guó)秉持互利合作、共贏發(fā)展，一貫主張通過(guò)平等協(xié)商解決貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端。我們對(duì)作出的承諾認(rèn)真履行，對(duì)自身合法權(quán)益堅(jiān)決維護(hù)。
We will promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation.
China is committed to safeguarding economic globalization and free trade, and is actively involved in the reform of the World Trade Organization. We will accelerate the establishment of a network of high-standard free trade areas, advance negotiations on the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, the China-Japan-RoK Free Trade Agreement, and the China-EU Investment Agreement, and continue to promote China-US economic and trade negotiations. China is committed to mutually beneficial cooperation, win-win development and settling trade disputes through discussion as equals. We faithfully honor our commitments and are resolute in safeguarding our lawful rights and interests.
(十)加快發(fā)展社會(huì)事業(yè)，更好保障和改善民生。今年財(cái)政收支平衡壓力加大，但基本民生投入確保只增不減。支持社會(huì)力量增加非基本公共服務(wù)供給，滿足群眾多層次、多樣化需求。
10. We will speed up the development of social programs to better ensure and improve living standards.
Although the pressure of maintaining a balanced budget will grow this year, inputs to ensure basic living standards will only be increased and not cut. We will support private actors in boosting the supply of non-basic public services to meet people's multilevel and diverse needs.
發(fā)展更加公平更有質(zhì)量的教育。深化教育教學(xué)改革。推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育一體化發(fā)展，加快改善鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校辦學(xué)條件，加強(qiáng)鄉(xiāng)村教師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，抓緊解決城鎮(zhèn)學(xué)校“大班額”問(wèn)題，保障進(jìn)城務(wù)工人員隨遷子女教育，發(fā)展“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+教育”，促進(jìn)優(yōu)質(zhì)資源共享。多渠道擴(kuò)大學(xué)前教育供給，無(wú)論是公辦還是民辦幼兒園，只要符合安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、收費(fèi)合理、家長(zhǎng)放心，政府都要支持。推進(jìn)高中階段教育普及，辦好民族教育、特殊教育、繼續(xù)教育，依法支持民辦教育發(fā)展。持續(xù)抓好義務(wù)教育教師工資待遇落實(shí)。推進(jìn)一流大學(xué)和一流學(xué)科建設(shè)，支持中西部建設(shè)有特色、高水平大學(xué)。今年財(cái)力雖然很緊張，國(guó)家財(cái)政性教育經(jīng)費(fèi)占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比例繼續(xù)保持在4%以上，中央財(cái)政教育支出安排超過(guò)1萬(wàn)億元。我們要切實(shí)把寶貴的資金用好，努力辦好人民滿意的教育，托起明天的希望。
We will develop more equitable and higher quality education.
We will deepen education and teaching reforms. We will promote the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education, move faster to improve conditions in rural schools, strengthen the ranks of teachers working in the countryside, quickly address the problem of oversized classes in urban schools, and ensure access to education for children living with their migrant worker parents in cities. We will develop Internet Plus Education models and promote quality resource sharing.
We will increase the supply of pre-school education through multiple avenues. The government will support all kindergartens that meet safety standards, charge reasonable fees, and have the trust of parents, regardless of whether they are public or private. We will continue work to make senior secondary education universal, provide quality ethnic minority education, special needs education, and continuing education, and support the development of private schools in accordance with law.
We will continue to strictly ensure the full payment of pay packages to teachers working in compulsory education. We will continue efforts to develop world-class universities and world-class disciplines, and support the central and western regions in building universities with their own character and of a high quality. This year, despite significant fiscal constraints, government budgetary spending on education will remain above 4 percent of GDP, and central government spending on education will exceed one trillion yuan. We need to use these precious funds well, and work hard to provide education that our people are happy with, to do justice to our hope for tomorrow.
保障基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。繼續(xù)提高城鄉(xiāng)居民基本醫(yī)保和大病保險(xiǎn)保障水平，居民醫(yī)保人均財(cái)政補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)增加30元，一半用于大病保險(xiǎn)。降低并統(tǒng)一大病保險(xiǎn)起付線，報(bào)銷比例由50%提高到60%，進(jìn)一步減輕大病患者、困難群眾醫(yī)療負(fù)擔(dān)。加強(qiáng)重大疾病防治。我國(guó)受癌癥困擾的家庭以千萬(wàn)計(jì)，要實(shí)施癌癥防治行動(dòng)，推進(jìn)預(yù)防篩查、早診早治和科研攻關(guān)，著力緩解民生的痛點(diǎn)。做好常見(jiàn)慢性病防治，把高血壓、糖尿病等門診用藥納入醫(yī)保報(bào)銷。加快兒童藥物研發(fā)。加強(qiáng)罕見(jiàn)病用藥保障。深化醫(yī)保支付方式改革，優(yōu)化醫(yī)保支出結(jié)構(gòu)。抓緊落實(shí)和完善跨省異地就醫(yī)直接結(jié)算政策，盡快使異地就醫(yī)患者在所有定點(diǎn)醫(yī)院能持卡看病、即時(shí)結(jié)算，切實(shí)便利流動(dòng)人口和隨遷老人。完善藥品集中采購(gòu)和使用機(jī)制。深化公立醫(yī)院綜合改革。促進(jìn)社會(huì)辦醫(yī)。發(fā)展“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+醫(yī)療健康”，加快建立遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系，加強(qiáng)基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)能力建設(shè)和醫(yī)護(hù)人員培養(yǎng)，提升分級(jí)診療和家庭醫(yī)生簽約服務(wù)質(zhì)量。堅(jiān)持預(yù)防為主，將新增基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)財(cái)政補(bǔ)助經(jīng)費(fèi)全部用于村和社區(qū)，務(wù)必讓基層群眾受益。抓好傳染病、地方病、青少年近視防治。完善生育配套政策，加強(qiáng)婦幼保健服務(wù)。支持中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)傳承創(chuàng)新發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)健康教育和健康管理。藥品疫苗攸關(guān)生命安全，必須強(qiáng)化全程監(jiān)管，對(duì)違法者要嚴(yán)懲不貸，對(duì)失職瀆職者要嚴(yán)肅查辦，堅(jiān)決守住人民群眾生命健康的防線。
We will ensure access to basic medical and health services.
We will continue to increase basic medical insurance and serious disease insurance protection for rural and non-working urban residents. Government subsidies for resident medical insurance will be raised by an average of 30 yuan per person, half of which is to be used for serious disease insurance.
We will lower and unify the deductible line for serious disease insurance, raise the reimbursement rate from 50 to 60 percent, and further reduce the burden of medical care for people with serious diseases and people living in poverty.
We will strengthen the prevention and treatment of serious diseases. Tens of millions of Chinese families are affected by cancer. To ease this pain that has such an effect on people's lives, we will take action in cancer prevention and treatment, and promote preventive screening, early diagnosis and treatment, and breakthroughs in cancer research. We will improve prevention and treatment of common chronic illnesses. Outpatient medicines for treating high blood pressure, diabetes, et cetera, will be made reimbursable under the medical insurance scheme. We will speed up R&D on medicines for children. We will improve the guarantees for drugs used in treating rare diseases.
We will deepen the reform of medical insurance payment models and refine the spending structure of medical insurance funds. We will speedily implement and improve the policy on interprovincial on-the-spot settlement of medical bills through basic medical insurance accounts; we will work as quickly as possible to enable patients to use their medical insurance cards for medical treatment in any designated hospitals and settle their bills straight away regardless of the locality. This will make things easier for the migrant population and for elderly people who relocate to be with their children.
We will improve the mechanisms for centralized medicine procurement and use. We will deepen the comprehensive reform of public hospitals and encourage the development of private hospitals. We will develop Internet Plus Healthcare models, establish a system for remote medical care services, strengthen efforts to build the capacity of community-level healthcare institutions and train their workers, and improve services provided both under the tiered diagnosis and treatment model and by contracted family doctors.
Prevention will continue to be our priority. The increase in government subsidies for basic public health service expenditures will be used entirely for villages and communities, to ensure direct benefits to the people. We will work to ensure the effective prevention and control of infectious diseases, endemic diseases, and myopia in children and young people. We will refine supporting policies for childbirth and improve maternal and child healthcare services. We will support the preservation, innovation, and development of traditional Chinese medicine. Health education and management will be strengthened.
Drugs and vaccines protect lives. We must strengthen the entire process of their regulation from production to use. We will bring lawbreakers to justice, and investigate negligence and the dereliction of duty and hold the guilty to account, to guard the line protecting the lives and health of our people.
完善社會(huì)保障制度和政策。推進(jìn)多層次養(yǎng)老保障體系建設(shè)。繼續(xù)提高退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金。落實(shí)退役軍人待遇保障，完善退役士兵基本養(yǎng)老、基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)接續(xù)政策。適當(dāng)提高城鄉(xiāng)低保、專項(xiàng)救助等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，加強(qiáng)困境兒童保障。加大城鎮(zhèn)困難職工脫困力度。提升殘疾預(yù)防和康復(fù)服務(wù)水平。我們要盡力為群眾救急解困、雪中送炭，基本民生的底線要堅(jiān)決兜牢。
We will improve the social security system and related policies.
We will build a robust multilevel aged-care social protection system and continue to increase the basic retirement pension. We will ensure benefits for demobilized military personnel, and improve the policy on their basic medical insurance and basic aged-care insurance. Urban and rural subsistence allowances and special assistance benefits will be adequately increased and social protection for children in difficult situations will be improved. Efforts will be intensified to assist struggling urban employees to get out of poverty. Disability prevention and rehabilitation services will be improved. We must do our best to address urgent needs of people in difficulty, provide help when they need it most and ensure that the basic living needs of the people are met.
豐富人民群眾精神文化生活。培育和踐行社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀，廣泛開(kāi)展群眾性精神文明創(chuàng)建活動(dòng)，大力弘揚(yáng)奮斗精神、科學(xué)精神、勞模精神、工匠精神，匯聚起向上向善的強(qiáng)大力量。加快構(gòu)建中國(guó)特色哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)。加強(qiáng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)內(nèi)容建設(shè)。繁榮文藝創(chuàng)作，發(fā)展新聞出版、廣播影視和檔案等事業(yè)。加強(qiáng)文物保護(hù)利用和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)傳承。推動(dòng)文化事業(yè)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)改革發(fā)展，提升基層公共文化服務(wù)能力。倡導(dǎo)全民閱讀，推進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)型社會(huì)建設(shè)。深化中外人文交流。廣泛開(kāi)展全民健身活動(dòng)。扎實(shí)做好2020年奧運(yùn)會(huì)、殘奧會(huì)備戰(zhàn)工作，精心籌辦北京冬奧會(huì)、冬殘奧會(huì)，辦好第七屆世界軍人運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。人民群眾身心健康，社會(huì)就充滿活力，國(guó)家就繁榮興旺。
We will work to enrich the intellectual and cultural life of our people.
We will foster and practice core socialist values, carry out a broad range of public activities to promote cultural and ethical advancement, and encourage the spirit of struggle, the spirit of science, a role-model work ethic, and the pursuit of fine workmanship. This will create a powerful source of aspiration for the pursuit of excellence and moral integrity.
We will accelerate the development of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese features. We will intensify efforts to improve online content. We will work to see that art and literature thrive, and develop the press, publishing, radio, film, television, and archiving. The protection and use of cultural relics and the preservation of intangible cultural heritage will be strengthened. We will promote the reform and development of cultural programs and industries and build stronger public cultural service capacity at the community level. We will champion a culture of reading among our people and advance the building of a learning society. People-to-people and cultural exchanges with other countries will be boosted.
Extensive Fitness-for-All activities will be carried out. We will make sure we're ready for the 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games, undertake detailed planning and preparatory work for the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics in Beijing, and host a successful Seventh World Military Games. When our people are in good health both mentally and physically, our society will be full of vitality, and our country will thrive.
加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會(huì)治理。推動(dòng)社會(huì)治理重心向基層下移，推廣促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧的“楓橋經(jīng)驗(yàn)”，構(gòu)建城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)治理新格局。引導(dǎo)支持社會(huì)組織、人道救助、志愿服務(wù)和慈善事業(yè)健康發(fā)展。健全社會(huì)信用體系。保障婦女、兒童、老人、殘疾人合法權(quán)益。改進(jìn)信訪工作，依法及時(shí)解決群眾合理訴求。加強(qiáng)社會(huì)心理服務(wù)。健全國(guó)家應(yīng)急體系，提高防災(zāi)減災(zāi)救災(zāi)能力。加強(qiáng)安全生產(chǎn)，防范遏制重特大事故。做好地震、氣象、水文、地質(zhì)、測(cè)繪等工作。健全公共法律服務(wù)體系，深化普法宣傳教育。加強(qiáng)國(guó)家安全能力建設(shè)。完善立體化社會(huì)治安防控體系，深入推進(jìn)掃黑除惡專項(xiàng)斗爭(zhēng)，依法懲治盜搶騙黃賭毒等違法犯罪活動(dòng)，打擊非法集資、傳銷等經(jīng)濟(jì)犯罪，整治侵犯公民個(gè)人信息等突出問(wèn)題，堅(jiān)決守護(hù)好人民群眾的平安生活。
We will strengthen social governance and explore new ways to conduct it.
We will shift the focus of social governance to the community level, extend the Fengqiao experience in promoting social harmony, and develop a new model of urban and rural community governance. We will guide and support the healthy development of social organizations, humanitarian assistance, volunteer services, and charity. The social credit system will be improved. We will protect the legitimate rights and interests of women, children, the elderly, and people with disabilities. We will improve work to address public complaints, and work in line with law to promptly meet justified public demands. We will improve public psychological and counseling services.
We will improve the national emergency response system and our capacity for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief. We will strengthen workplace safety and resolutely guard against and curb the occurrence of serious and major accidents. Seismological, meteorological, hydrological, geological, and mapping work will be done well.
We will improve the public legal service system and continue activities to improve public awareness of laws. We will strengthen national security capacity building.
We will improve the multidimensional crime prevention and control system, and intensify the special campaign to root out organized crime and local mafia. We will, in accordance with law, punish illegal and criminal offenses such as theft, robbery, fraud, pornography, gambling, and drug-related crime, crack down on economic crimes like illegal fundraising and pyramid schemes, and tackle prominent problems such as the abuse of personal information. In short, we will make every effort to ensure that our people live in peace and safety.
各位代表!
Fellow Deputies,
新的形勢(shì)和任務(wù)，對(duì)政府工作提出了新的更高要求。各級(jí)政府要樹(shù)牢“四個(gè)意識(shí)”，堅(jiān)定“四個(gè)自信”，堅(jiān)決做到“兩個(gè)維護(hù)”，自覺(jué)在思想上政治上行動(dòng)上同以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央保持高度一致，落實(shí)全面從嚴(yán)治黨要求，勇于自我革命，深入推進(jìn)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)，加快轉(zhuǎn)職能、提效能，增強(qiáng)政府公信力和執(zhí)行力，更好滿足人民對(duì)美好生活的新期待。
The new developments and tasks have created new and higher demands for the work of government.
At every level of government, we should keep firmly in mind the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment. We should strengthen our confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We should resolutely uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and resolutely uphold the Party Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership. And we should maintain a high degree of unity in thought, stance, and action with the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and exercise full and rigorous self-discipline in the Party.
We should have the courage to conduct self-reform, further streamline administration and delegate power, speed up the transformation of our functions and the improvement of our performance, and strengthen government credibility and capacity for execution, to better meet the people's new expectations for a better life.
堅(jiān)持依法全面履職。深入貫徹全面依法治國(guó)基本方略，嚴(yán)格遵守憲法法律，把政府活動(dòng)全面納入法治軌道。各級(jí)政府要依法接受同級(jí)人大及其常委會(huì)的監(jiān)督，自覺(jué)接受人民政協(xié)的民主監(jiān)督，主動(dòng)接受社會(huì)和輿論監(jiān)督，讓權(quán)力在陽(yáng)光下運(yùn)行。政府干的，都應(yīng)是人民盼的。要堅(jiān)持科學(xué)、民主、依法決策，認(rèn)真聽(tīng)取人大代表、政協(xié)委員意見(jiàn)，聽(tīng)取民主黨派、工商聯(lián)、無(wú)黨派人士和各人民團(tuán)體意見(jiàn)，聽(tīng)取社會(huì)公眾和企業(yè)意見(jiàn)，使各項(xiàng)政策符合基本國(guó)情和客觀實(shí)際，更接地氣、更合民意。全面推進(jìn)政務(wù)公開(kāi)。支持工會(huì)、共青團(tuán)、婦聯(lián)等群團(tuán)組織更好發(fā)揮作用。全面落實(shí)行政執(zhí)法責(zé)任制和問(wèn)責(zé)制，對(duì)一切違法違規(guī)的行為都要堅(jiān)決查處，對(duì)一切執(zhí)法不公正不文明的現(xiàn)象都要堅(jiān)決整治，對(duì)所有行政不作為的人員都要堅(jiān)決追責(zé)。
We will continue to fully perform the functions of government in accordance with law.
We must fully implement the basic strategy on comprehensive law-based governance, strictly abide by the Constitution and the law, and bring all government activities into line with the rule of law.
At every level of government, we must accept, as law requires, the oversight of the people's congresses and their standing committees at the corresponding level. We should readily subject ourselves to the democratic oversight of CPPCC committees, public oversight, and oversight through public opinion, so that power is exercised with transparency.
Everything the government does should be something the people want. We will make decisions in a sound, democratic, and legally-compliant way, listen carefully to the views of the deputies to people's congresses and CPPCC committee members; listen to the views of other political parties, federations of industry and commerce, people without party affiliation, and people's organizations, and listen to the views of the general public and the business community. This will make sure that each of our policies fits the conditions and realities of our country, responds to people's desire, and better satisfies public demand.
We will promote transparency in all government affairs. We will support trade unions, Communist Youth League organizations, women's federations, and other people's organizations in better playing their roles.
We will fully implement the system of responsibility and accountability for government enforcement of laws and regulations. All actions that violate laws or regulations will be resolutely investigated and punished; all instances of failure to enforce the law impartially and with basic decency must be resolutely stopped; and any employee of government found to be not doing their job must be firmly held to account.
深入推進(jìn)黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)。扎實(shí)開(kāi)展“不忘初心、牢記使命”主題教育。認(rèn)真貫徹落實(shí)中央八項(xiàng)規(guī)定及其實(shí)施細(xì)則精神，持之以恒糾治“四風(fēng)”。加強(qiáng)廉潔政府建設(shè)，一體推進(jìn)不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐。強(qiáng)化審計(jì)監(jiān)督。政府工作人員要自覺(jué)接受法律監(jiān)督、監(jiān)察監(jiān)督和人民監(jiān)督。衡量政績(jī)最終是看結(jié)果。各級(jí)政府要堅(jiān)決反對(duì)和整治一切形式主義、官僚主義，讓干部從文山會(huì)海、迎評(píng)迎檢、材料報(bào)表中解脫出來(lái)，把精力用在解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題上。壓減和規(guī)范督查檢查考核事項(xiàng)，實(shí)施“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+督查”。減少開(kāi)會(huì)和發(fā)文數(shù)量，今年國(guó)務(wù)院及其部門要帶頭大幅精簡(jiǎn)會(huì)議、堅(jiān)決把文件壓減三分之一以上。
We will step up efforts to improve Party conduct and ensure clean government.
We will hold activities about keeping in mind our Party's founding mission. We will fully enforce the Party Central Committee's eight-point decision on conduct and its rules for implementation, and keep up efforts to address formalities performed for formalities' sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance.
We will intensify work to build a clean government, and take coordinated action to make government employees not dare, not able, and not want to commit corruption.
Auditing-based oversight will be strengthened. We in the government must readily subject ourselves to the oversight of the law, supervisory bodies, and the people. The ultimate measure of our performance is whether and what we deliver.
Governments at all levels must firmly oppose and put a stop to all pointless formalities and bureaucratism in all its manifestations. We should free government employees from the mountains of documents and endless meetings, from the superfluities surrounding evaluations and inspections, and from report writing and form filling-in, and instead spend our energy on solving real problems.
We will cut down on and overhaul matters subject to inspection, checks, and evaluations, and implement an Internet Plus Inspection initiative. The number of meetings and documents will be cut. This year, the State Council and its offices and departments will lead the way in making major reductions to the number of meetings and will cut the number of documents issued by over a third.
切實(shí)強(qiáng)化責(zé)任擔(dān)當(dāng)。中國(guó)改革發(fā)展的巨大成就，是廣大干部群眾篳路藍(lán)縷、千辛萬(wàn)苦干出來(lái)的。實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩個(gè)一百年”奮斗目標(biāo)，成就中國(guó)人民的幸福與追求，還得長(zhǎng)期不懈地干。為政以公，行勝于言。各級(jí)政府及其工作人員要求真務(wù)實(shí)、力戒浮華，以推動(dòng)改革發(fā)展的成果說(shuō)話，以干事創(chuàng)業(yè)的實(shí)績(jī)交卷。健全激勵(lì)約束機(jī)制和盡職免責(zé)機(jī)制，營(yíng)造干部愿干事、敢干事、能干成事的環(huán)境。更好發(fā)揮中央和地方兩個(gè)積極性，尊重基層和群眾首創(chuàng)精神，為地方大膽探索提供激勵(lì)、留足空間。廣大干部要樹(shù)立強(qiáng)烈的事業(yè)心和進(jìn)取心，事不避難、義不逃責(zé)，埋頭苦干、結(jié)合實(shí)際創(chuàng)造性地干，努力干出無(wú)愧于人民的新業(yè)績(jī)，干出中國(guó)發(fā)展的新輝煌。
We will strengthen our readiness to shoulder responsibility.
The tremendous achievements of China's reform and development to date have been made by our officials and people through perseverance and hard work. To achieve the Two Centenary Goals, and let the happiness and ambitions of the Chinese people be realized, we need to continue to put in long-term hard work.
Government works for the public; words can't compare with actions. All levels and employees of government should be down to earth and practical and eschew doing things for show. We should let what we have achieved in reform and development speak for itself. We should deliver a good performance in what we do. We will improve the mechanisms for offering incentives, imposing constraints, and ensuring no one who has fulfilled their duties is held liable. We should create an atmosphere in which officials are ready and eager to try, and able to try and deliver real outcomes.
We will keep central and local governments motivated, respect the pioneering spirit of officials working at the primary level and the people, and offer incentives and leave ample space for local governments to make bold explorations.
All of us working in the government must have true dedication and be enterprising. We must never sidestep difficulties or shirk obligations; we must knuckle down and work hard, and be creative while aware of what is feasible. We should make new achievements worthy of our people and make remarkable new accomplishments in pursuing China's development.
各位代表!
Fellow Deputies,
我們要堅(jiān)持和完善民族區(qū)域自治制度，全面貫徹黨的民族政策，深化民族團(tuán)結(jié)進(jìn)步教育，鑄牢中華民族共同體意識(shí)，促進(jìn)各民族和睦相處、和衷共濟(jì)、和諧發(fā)展。加大對(duì)民族地區(qū)和人口較少民族發(fā)展的支持，深入實(shí)施興邊富民行動(dòng)，同心協(xié)力建設(shè)56個(gè)民族共同團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗、共同繁榮發(fā)展的美好家園。
We will uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, implement in full the Party's policies on ethnic affairs, heighten public awareness of ethnic unity and progress, build a strong sense of community among the Chinese people, and enable the people of all our ethnic groups to live together happily, work together for a common cause, and develop in harmony. We will strengthen support for development in ethnic minority areas and for the development of ethnic groups with smaller populations. We will redouble efforts to boost development in the border regions to benefit the people living there. Together, we will build a beautiful homeland in which 56 ethnic groups work together for common prosperity and development.
我們要全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，堅(jiān)持我國(guó)宗教的中國(guó)化方向，依法管理宗教事務(wù)，發(fā)揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中的積極作用。
We must fully implement the Party's fundamental policy on religious affairs, abide by the principle that religions in China must be Chinese in orientation, oversee religious affairs in accordance with law, and encourage religious leaders and believers to take an active part in promoting economic and social development.
我們要認(rèn)真落實(shí)僑務(wù)政策，保障海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷合法權(quán)益，改善和加強(qiáng)服務(wù)，發(fā)揮好他們的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)和重要作用，畫(huà)好海內(nèi)外中華兒女的最大同心圓，匯聚起共創(chuàng)輝煌的澎湃力量。
We will act on policies related to overseas Chinese nationals, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese, and relatives of overseas Chinese nationals residing in China. We will improve and strengthen our services for them, give play to their unique strengths and important role, seek the greatest convergence of interests among all Chinese, both at home and overseas, and forge a mighty force, as we endeavor to create more remarkable achievements.
各位代表!
Fellow Deputies,
過(guò)去一年，國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)扎實(shí)推進(jìn)，強(qiáng)軍事業(yè)展現(xiàn)許多新氣象新作為。新的一年，要繼續(xù)以黨在新時(shí)代的強(qiáng)軍目標(biāo)為引領(lǐng)，牢固確立習(xí)近平強(qiáng)軍思想在國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)中的指導(dǎo)地位，深入推進(jìn)政治建軍、改革強(qiáng)軍、科技興軍、依法治軍。堅(jiān)持黨對(duì)軍隊(duì)絕對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的根本原則和制度，全面深入貫徹軍委主席負(fù)責(zé)制。貫徹新時(shí)代軍事戰(zhàn)略方針，提高實(shí)戰(zhàn)化軍事訓(xùn)練水平，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)國(guó)家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益。繼續(xù)深化國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)改革，建立健全中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義軍事政策制度體系。加強(qiáng)和完善國(guó)防教育、國(guó)防動(dòng)員體系建設(shè)，增強(qiáng)全民國(guó)防意識(shí)。深入實(shí)施軍民融合發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，加快國(guó)防科技創(chuàng)新步伐。各級(jí)政府要大力關(guān)心支持國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)，深入開(kāi)展“雙擁”活動(dòng)，讓軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié)之樹(shù)根深葉茂、永葆常青。
Over the past year, we achieved solid progress in strengthening national defense and the armed forces, made many new accomplishments in this endeavor, and brought new changes to our military. In the year ahead, we will continue to take as our guide the Party's goal of building stronger armed forces for the new era, and ensure that our work to develop national defense and the armed forces is guided by Xi Jinping's thinking on strengthening the military. We will further efforts to ensure the political loyalty of the armed forces, strengthen them through reform, science and technology, and run them in accordance with law.
We will observe the fundamental principle and system of absolute Party leadership over the armed forces, and fully enforce the system of ultimate responsibility resting with the chairman of the Central Military Commission.
We will implement the military strategy for the new era, strengthen military training under combat conditions, and firmly protect China's sovereignty, security, and development interests.
We will continue reforms in national defense and the armed forces, and establish a sound system of socialist military policies and institutions with Chinese characteristics. The system for national defense mobilization will be strengthened and improved, and educational activities will be carried out to heighten public consciousness about national defense. We will further implement the military-civilian integration strategy, and speed up efforts to make innovations in defense related science and technology.
We in government at all levels must concern ourselves with and vigorously support the development of national defense and the armed forces, conduct extensive activities to promote mutual support between the military and civilians, so that the tree of unity between the military and the government and between the military and the people continues to grow deep roots and is always in blossom.
各位代表!
Fellow Deputies,
我們要繼續(xù)全面準(zhǔn)確貫徹“一國(guó)兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，嚴(yán)格依照憲法和基本法辦事。全力支持香港、澳門特別行政區(qū)政府和行政長(zhǎng)官依法施政。支持港澳抓住共建“一帶一路”和粵港澳大灣區(qū)建設(shè)的重大機(jī)遇，更好發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì)，全面深化與內(nèi)地互利合作。我們堅(jiān)信，香港、澳門一定能與祖國(guó)內(nèi)地同發(fā)展共進(jìn)步、一定能保持長(zhǎng)期繁榮穩(wěn)定。
We will continue, fully and faithfully, to implement the policies of "one country, two systems," the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong, the people of Macao governing Macao, and a high degree of autonomy for both regions, and act in strict compliance with China's Constitution and the basic laws of the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions.
The governments and chief executives of the two regions have our full support in exercising law-based governance. We will support the two regions in seizing the major opportunities presented by the Belt and Road Initiative and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area development strategy, giving better play to their strengths, and deepening mutually beneficial cooperation with the mainland in all fields. We have every confidence that Hong Kong and Macao will develop and thrive together with the mainland and maintain long-term prosperity and stability.
我們要堅(jiān)持對(duì)臺(tái)工作大政方針。全面貫徹落實(shí)習(xí)近平總書(shū)記在《告臺(tái)灣同胞書(shū)》發(fā)表40周年紀(jì)念會(huì)上的重要講話精神，堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國(guó)原則和“九二共識(shí)”，推動(dòng)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展、推進(jìn)祖國(guó)和平統(tǒng)一進(jìn)程。堅(jiān)決反對(duì)和遏制“臺(tái)獨(dú)”分裂圖謀和行徑，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)國(guó)家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整。深化兩岸融合發(fā)展，持續(xù)擴(kuò)大兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流合作。兩岸同胞同根相系、同命相連，應(yīng)攜手共創(chuàng)共享全體中國(guó)人的美好未來(lái)。
We will adhere to the major principles and policies on work related to Taiwan. We will implement in full the guiding principles embodied in General Secretary Xi Jinping's speech at the meeting to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the issuance of the Message to Our Compatriots in Taiwan. We will uphold the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, promote the peaceful growth of relations across the Taiwan Strait, and advance China's peaceful reunification.
We will resolutely oppose and deter any separatist schemes or activities seeking "Taiwan independence," and resolutely protect China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.
We will deepen integrated development on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, and keep expanding cross-Strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation. The people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait are bound by kinship and share a common destiny. We should work together to create a beautiful future for all Chinese.
各位代表!
Fellow Deputies,
當(dāng)今世界面臨百年未有之大變局。我們將堅(jiān)定不移走和平發(fā)展道路、奉行互利共贏的開(kāi)放戰(zhàn)略，堅(jiān)定維護(hù)多邊主義和以聯(lián)合國(guó)為核心的國(guó)際體系。積極參與全球治理體系的改革完善，堅(jiān)定維護(hù)開(kāi)放型世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，推動(dòng)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體。加強(qiáng)與主要大國(guó)溝通對(duì)話與協(xié)調(diào)合作，深化同周邊國(guó)家關(guān)系，拓展與發(fā)展中國(guó)家互利合作。積極為妥善應(yīng)對(duì)全球性挑戰(zhàn)和解決地區(qū)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題提供更多中國(guó)建設(shè)性方案。中國(guó)愿與各國(guó)攜手合作、同舟共濟(jì)，為促進(jìn)世界持久和平與共同發(fā)展作出新的貢獻(xiàn)。
The world today faces profound changes of a kind unseen in a century. China will remain on the path of peaceful development, pursue mutually beneficial opening up, and resolutely uphold multilateralism and the international system built around the United Nations. We will participate actively in reforming and improving the global governance system and firmly uphold an open world economy to build a human community with a shared future.
We will strengthen communication, dialogue, coordination, and cooperation with other major countries. We will deepen relations with our neighbors and expand mutually beneficial cooperation with other developing countries. We will actively offer constructive Chinese approaches for responding appropriately to global challenges and addressing flashpoints in some regions. China stands ready to work together with all other countries to make new contributions in promoting enduring world peace and shared prosperity.
各位代表!
Fellow Deputies,
奮斗創(chuàng)造歷史，實(shí)干成就未來(lái)。我們要更加緊密地團(tuán)結(jié)在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央周圍，高舉中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，以習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義思想為指導(dǎo)，迎難而上，開(kāi)拓進(jìn)取，以經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)異成績(jī)迎接中華人民共和國(guó)成立70周年，為決勝全面建成小康社會(huì)、奪取新時(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義偉大勝利，為把我國(guó)建設(shè)成為富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧美麗的社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國(guó)、實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的中國(guó)夢(mèng)不懈奮斗!
Struggle creates history; hard work makes a bright future. We will rally closer around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, rise to each challenge, and create new progress. We will commemorate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China with great achievements in economic and social development.
Let us continue our struggle to secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, to achieve the great success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful, and to realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation!
(來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng))
(Source: Xinhua)
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